Frases de Mao Tsé-Tung

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“Quem são os nossos inimigos? Quem são os nossos amigos? Essa é uma pergunta importantíssima Para a Revolução.”

“Para fazermos a revolução necessitamos dum partido revolucionário. Sem um partido revolucionário, sem um partido fundado na teoria revolucionária marxista-leninista, é impossível dirigir a classe operária e as grandes massas do povo à vitória sobre o imperialismo e os seus lacaios.”

“Poder político cresce do cano de uma arma.”

“A prática é o critério da verdade.”

“A nossa posição é a do proletariado e das massas populares.”

“O sistema socialista acabará por substituir o sistema capitalista; essa é um lei objetiva, independente da vontade do homem. Por muito que os reacionários tendem impedir o avanço da roda da história, tarde ou cedo a revolução se fará e conquistará inevitavelmente a vitória.”

“Seja resoluto, não tenha medo de sacrifícios e derrube todas as dificuldades para a vitória.”

“Comunismo não é amor, comunismo é um martelo com o qual se golpeia o inimigo”

“O povo, e só o povo, constitui a força motriz na criação da história universal.”

“Não há caminhos retos no mundo.”

“Todo o conhecimento genuíno tem origem na experiência direta.”

“O inimigo avança, retiramos. O inimigo acampa, provocamos. O inimigo cansa, atacamos. O inimigo se retira, perseguimos.”

“A política é uma guerra sem derramamento de sangue, e a guerra uma política com derramamento de sangue.”

“Devemos apoiar tudo que o inimigo combate, e combater tudo o que o inimigo apóia.”

“O poder nasce da ponta do cano de um fuzil.”

“Somos a favor da abolição da guerra, não queremos a guerra. Mas a guerra só pode ser abolida com a guerra. Para que não existam mais fuzis, é preciso empunhar o fuzil.”

“Os camponeses ricos têm uma forte propensão para o capitalismo.”

“Só progride quem é modesto. O orgulho obriga a dar passos para trás.”

“A bomba atómica é um tigre de papel que os reaccionários americanos usam para assustar as pessoas.”

“O urgente geralmente atenta contra o necessário.”

“Guardar-se da arrogância. Isso constitui uma questão de princípio para os dirigentes, mas é também uma importante condição para manter a unidade. Nem mesmo aqueles que não cometeram erros graves e conseguiram grandes êxitos no trabalho devem ser arrogantes.”

“Nós devemos banir das nossas fileiras toda a ideologia feita de fraqueza e impotência. São errados todos os pontos de vista que valorizam a força do inimigo e subestimam a força do povo.”

“A auto-satisfação é inimiga do estudo. Se queremos realmente aprender alguma coisa, devemos começar por libertar-nos disso. Em relação a nós próprios devemos ser 'insaciáveis na aprendizagem' e em relação aos outros, 'insaciáveis no ensino'.”

“O poder político nasce do cano da espingarda.”

“Whoever wants to know a thing has no way of doing so except by coming into contact with it, that is, by living (practicing) in its environment. … If you want knowledge, you must take part in the practice of changing reality. If you want to know the taste of a pear, you must change the pear by eating it yourself…. If you want to know the theory and methods of revolution, you must take part in revolution. All genuine knowledge originates in direct experience.”

“If we did ten things, nine were bad and got disclosed by the newspapers, we will be over. Then I will go, to the countryside, lead the peasant and revolt. If the Liberation Army do not follow me, I will get the Red Army. (July 23, 1959)”

“What we need is an enthusiastic but calm state of mind, and intense but orderly work.”

“Without a People's army, the people have nothing.”

“What is correct invariably develops in the course of struggle with what is wrong. The true, the good and the beautiful always exist by contrast with the false, the evil and the ugly, and grow in struggle with them. As soon as something erroneous is rejected and a particular truth accepted by mankind, new truths begin to struggle with new errors. Such struggles will never end. This is the law of development of truth and, naturally, of Marxism.”

“We the Chinese nation have the spirit to fight the enemy to the last drop of our blood, the determination to recover our lost territory by our own efforts, and the ability to stand on our own feet in the family of nations.”

“Changes in society are due chiefly to the development of the internal contradictions in society, that is, the contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production, the contradiction between classes and the contradiction between the old and the new; it is the development of these contradictions that pushes society forward and gives the impetus for the suppression of the old society by the new.”

“The contradictions between the enemy and us are antagonistic contradictions. Within the ranks of the people, the contradictions among the working people are non-antagonistic, while those between the exploited and the exploiting classes have a non-antagonistic aspect in addition to an antagonistic aspect.”

“"You are dictatorial." My dear sirs, you are right, that is just what we are. All the experience the Chinese people have accumulated through several decades teaches us to enforce the people's democratic dictatorship, that is, to deprive the reactionaries of the right to speak and let the people alone have that right.”

“I knew the Classics, but disliked them. What I enjoyed were the romances of Old China, and especially stories of rebellions. I read the Yo Fei Chuan, Shui Hu Chuan, Fan T'ang, San Kuo, and Hsi Yu Chi, while still very young, and despite the vigilance of my old teacher, who hated these outlawed books and called them wicked. I used to read them in school, covering them up with a Classic when the teacher walked past. So also did most of my schoolmates. We learned many of the stories almost by heart, and discussed and re-discussed them many times. We knew more of them than the old men of the village, who also loved them and used to exchange stories with us. I believe that perhaps I was much influenced by such books, read at an impressionable age.”

“Being a bourgeoisie in a colonial and semi-colonial country and oppressed by imperialism, the Chinese national bourgeoisie retains a certain revolutionary quality at certain periods and to a certain degree--even in the era of imperialism--in its opposition to the foreign imperialists and the domestic governments of bureaucrats and warlords (instances of opposition to the latter can be found in the periods of the Revolution of 1911 and the Northern Expedition), and it may ally itself with the proletariat and the petty bourgeoisie against such enemies as it is ready to oppose. In this respect the Chinese bourgeoisie differs from the bourgeoisie of old tsarist Russia. Since tsarist Russia was a military-feudal imperialism which carried on aggression against other countries, the Russian bourgeoisie was entirely lacking in revolutionary quality. There, the task of the proletariat was to oppose the bourgeoisie, not to unite with it. But China's national bourgeoisie has a revolutionary quality at certain periods and to a certain degree, because China is a colonial and semi-colonial country which is a victim of aggression. Here, the task of the proletariat is to form a united front with the national bourgeoisie against imperialism and the bureaucrat and warlord governments without overlooking its revolutionary quality.”

“Criticisms from democratic personages can be of only two kinds, those that are wrong and those that are not. Criticisms that are not wrong can help remedy our shortcomings while wrong ones must be refuted. As for such types as Liang Shu-ming, Peng Yi-hu and Chang Nai-chi, if they want to fart, let them. That will be to our advantage, for everybody can judge whether the smell is good or foul, and through discussion the majority can be won over and these types isolated.”

“Marxist philosophy holds that the most important problem does not lie in understanding the laws of the objective world and thus being able to explain it, but in applying the knowledge of these laws actively to change the world.”

“Revolutionary war is an anti-toxin which not only eliminates the enemy's poison but also purges us of our own filth. Every just, revolutionary war is endowed with tremendous power and can transform many things or clear the way for their transformations. The Sino-Japanese war will transform both China and Japan; provided China perseveres in the War of Resistance and in the united front, the old Japan will surely be transformed into a new Japan and the old China into a new China, and people and everything else in both China and Japan will be transformed during and after the war.”

“Ours is a people's democratic dictatorship, led by the working class and based on the worker-peasant alliance.”

“By over-all planning, we mean planning which takes into consideration the interests of the 600 million people of our country. In drawing up plans, handling affairs or thinking over problems, we must proceed from the fact that China has a population of 600 million people, and we must never forget this fact.”

“History shows that wars are divided into two kinds, just and unjust. All wars that are progressive are just, and all wars that impede progress are unjust. We Communists oppose all unjust wars that impede progress, but we do not oppose progressive, just wars. Not only do we Communists not oppose just wars; we actively participate in them. As for unjust wars, World War I is an instance in which both sides fought for imperialist interests; therefore, the Communists of the whole world firmly opposed that war. The way to oppose a war of this kind is to do everything possible to prevent it before it breaks out and, once it breaks out, to oppose war with war, to oppose unjust war with just war, whenever possible.”

“The country is so beautiful, where so many heroes had devoted their lives into it. Sorry that the Qin Emperor or the Han Wu Emperor lacks a sense for literacy; while the founders of the Tang and Song dynasties came short in style. The great man, Genghis Khan, only knew how to shoot eagles with an arrow. The past is past. To see real heroes, look around you.”

“As already mentioned, so long as classes exist, contradictions between correct and incorrect ideas in the Communist Party are reflections within the Party of class contradictions. At first, with regard to certain issues, such contradictions may not manifest themselves as antagonistic. But with the development of the class struggle, they may grow and become antagonistic. The history of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union shows us that the contradictions between the correct thinking of Lenin and Stalin and the fallacious thinking of Trotsky, Bukharin and others did not at first manifest themselves in an antagonistic form, but that later they did develop into antagonism.”

“Two types of social contradictions - those between ourselves and the enemy and those among the people themselves confront us. The two are totally different in their nature.”

“At the same time, however, being a bourgeois class in a colonial and semi-colonial country and so being extremely flabby economically and politically, the Chinese national bourgeoisie also has another quality, namely, a proneness to conciliation with the enemies of the revolution.”

“Every difference in men's concepts should be regarded as reflecting an objective contradiction. Objective contradictions are reflected in subjective thinking, and this process constitutes the contradictory movement of concepts, pushes forward the development of thought, and ceaselessly solves problems in man's thinking.”

“This army has built up a system of political work which essential for the people's war and is aimed at promoting unity in its own ranks, unity with the friendly armies and unity with the people and at disintegrating the enemy forces and ensuring victory in battle.”

“Enterprises, such as banks, railways and airlines, whether Chinese-owned or foreign-owned, which are either monopolistic in character or too big for private management, shall be operated and administered by the state, so that private capital cannot dominate the livelihood of the people: this is the main principle of the regulation of capital.”

“In class society, everyone lives as a member of a particular class, and every kind of thinking, without exception, is stamped with the brand of a class.”

“The organs of state must practice democratic centralism, they must rely on the masses and their personnel must serve the people.”

“Our principle is that the Party commands the gun, and the gun must never be allowed to command the Party.”

“Qualitatively different contradictions can only be resolved by qualitatively different methods.”

“There are a lot of things we can learn from the Soviet Union. Naturally, we should learn from its advanced and not its backward experience. The slogan we have advocated all along is to draw on the advanced Soviet experience. Who told you to pick up its backward experience? Some people are so undiscriminating that they say a Russian fart is fragrant. That too is subjectivism. The Russians themselves say it stinks. Therefore, we should be analytical.”