Frases de Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Data de nascimento: 1881
Data de falecimento: 10. Novembro 1938

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk foi um oficial do exército, estadista revolucionário e fundador da República da Turquia, assim como o seu primeiro presidente.

Mustafa Kemal se estabeleceu como um líder militar extremamente capaz e inteligente enquanto servia como comandante de divisão na Batalha de Galípoli. Posteriormente lutou com bravura nas frentes de batalha da Anatólia e Palestina, conquistando algum renome para si durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial. Com a derrota sofrida pelo Império Otomano nas mãos dos Aliados, e os planos subsequentes para a partilha de seu território, Mustafa Kemal liderou o Movimento Nacional Turco naquela que se se tornaria conhecida posteriormente como a Guerra de Independência Turca; após estabelecer um governo provisório em Ancara, derrotou as forças enviadas pela Tríplice Entente. Suas campanhas militares bem-sucedidas asseguraram a liberação do país e a proclamação da república no lugar do antigo governo imperial otomano.

Como primeiro presidente da Turquia, Atatürk embarcou num ambicioso programa de reformas políticas, econômicas e culturais. Um admirador do iluminismo, Atatürk procurou transformar as ruínas do Império Otomano numa nação-Estado democrática e secular. Os princípios das reformas de Atatürk costumam ser chamados de "kemalismo", e continuam a formar a fundação política do Estado turco moderno.

Citações Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

„Diante do conhecimento, da ciência, e de toda a extensão da radiante civilização, não posso aceitar a presença na comunidade civilizada da Turquia de pessoas tão primitivas a ponto de procurar benefícios materiais e espirituais sob a orientação de xeques. A república turca não pode ser um país de xeques, dervixes e discípulos. A melhor ordem, a mais verdadeira, é a ordem da civilização. Ser um homem é o bastante para preencher as exigências da civilização. Os líderes das ordens dervixes compreenderão a verdade de minhas palavras, e eles próprios fecharão suas lojas [tekke] e admitirão que suas disciplinas cresceram.“

— Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

De pessoas, de verdade, de idade

„São os professores, somente eles, quem libertam os povos e transformam as coletividades em verdadeiras nações.“

— Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
in: BLANCO VILLALTA, Kemal Ataturk, 7ª ed. Ediciones Agon: Buenos Aires, 1993

De vida, de verdade, de idade

„As regras e teorias de um velho sheik árabe chamado Maomé e as abstrusas interpretações de gerações de sujos e ignorantes padrecos fixaram a lei civil e penal da Turquia. Eles determinaram a forma da constituição, as mais pequenas acções e gestos do cidadão, a sua alimentação, as horas para levantar e dormir, tradições e hábitos e mesmo os mais íntimos pensamentos. O Islão, essa absurda teologia de um beduíno amoral, é um cadáver podre que envenena a nossa vida. A população da república turca, que reclama o direito a ser civilizada, tem de demonstrar a sua civilização através das suas ideias, sua mentalidade, através da sua vida familiar e seu modo de vida.“

— Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

De amor, de vida, de dor, de idade

„Coloro che sono inclini al compromesso non potranno mai fare una rivoluzione.“

— Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

„Paz em casa, paz no mundo.“

— Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

De mundo, de paz

„O modo mais seguro de perder a própria independência é gastar o dinheiro que não se tem.“

— Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

De dinheiro

„Our life here is truly hellish.“

— Мустафа Кемаль Ататюрк
Context: Our life here is truly hellish. Fortunately, my soldiers are very brave and tougher than the enemy. Letter to Corinne Lütfü, from the Gallipoli peninsula (20 July 1915) as translated in Atatürk: The Biography of the founder of Modern Turkey (2002) by Andrew Mango.

„We must delve into our roots and reconstruct what history has divided. We can't wait for them to approach us. We must reach out to them.“

— Мустафа Кемаль Ататюрк
Context: Today the Soviet Union is a friend and an ally. We need this friendship. However, no one can know what will happen tomorrow. Just like the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian Empires it may tear itself apart or shrink in size. Those peoples that it holds so tightly in its grip may one day slip away. The world may see a new balance of power. It is then that Turkey must know what to do. Ally Soviets have under their control our brothers with whom we share language, beliefs and roots. We must be prepared to embrace them. Being ready does not mean that we will sit quietly and wait. We must get ready. How does a people get prepared for such an endeavour? By strengthening the natural bridges that exist between us. Language is a bridge... Religion is a bridge... History is a bridge... We must delve into our roots and reconstruct what history has divided. We can't wait for them to approach us. We must reach out to them. Speech at Çankaya Pavilion (29 October 1933); quoted in [http://kitap.antoloji.com/kitap.asp?kitap=16216 Orta(daki) Asya Ülkeleri -Mustafa Balbay - Cumhuriyet Kitapları]

„Mankind is a single body and each nation a part of that body.“

— Мустафа Кемаль Ататюрк
Context: Mankind is a single body and each nation a part of that body. We must never say "What does it matter to me if some part of the world is ailing?" If there is such an illness, we must concern ourselves with it as though we were having that illness. As quoted by Paul Wolfowitz in an [http://www.defenselink.mil/speeches/speech.aspx?speechid=198 address to the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Washington, D.C. (13 March 2002)]

„I have no religion, and at times I wish all religions at the bottom of the sea“

— Мустафа Кемаль Ататюрк
Context: I have no religion, and at times I wish all religions at the bottom of the sea. He is a weak ruler who needs religion to uphold his government; it is as if he would catch his people in a trap. My people are going to learn the principles of democracy, the dictates of truth and the teachings of science. Superstition must go. Let them worship as they will; every man can follow his own conscience, provided it does not interfere with sane reason or bid him against the liberty of his fellow-men. Quoted in Atatürk: The Biography of the founder of Modern Turkey, by Andrew Mango; "In a book published in 1928, Grace Ellison quotes [Atatürk], presumably in 1926-27", Grace Ellison Turkey Today (London: Hutchinson, 1928)

„Religion is an important institution. A nation without religion cannot survive. Yet it is also very important to note that religion is a link between Allah and the individual believer.“

— Мустафа Кемаль Ататюрк
Context: Religion is an important institution. A nation without religion cannot survive. Yet it is also very important to note that religion is a link between Allah and the individual believer. The brokerage of the pious cannot be permitted. Those who use religion for their own benefit are detestable. We are against such a situation and will not allow it. Those who use religion in such a manner have fooled our people; it is against just such people that we have fought and will continue to fight. Know that whatever conforms to reason, logic, and the advantages and needs of our people conforms equally to Islam. If our religion did not conform to reason and logic, it would not be the perfect religion, the final religion. As quoted in Kemalizm, Laiklik ve Demokrasi [Kemalism, Laicism and Democracy] (1994) by Ahmet Taner Kışlalı

„My people are going to learn the principles of democracy, the dictates of truth and the teachings of science.“

„Those who use religion for their own benefit are detestable.“

„The heroes who shed their blood and lost their lives on this country's soil! You are in the soil of a friendly country now. Therefore rest in peace.“

— Мустафа Кемаль Ататюрк
Context: The heroes who shed their blood and lost their lives on this country's soil! You are in the soil of a friendly country now. Therefore rest in peace. You are side by side with the little Mehmets. The mothers who send their sons to the war! Wipe your tears away. Your sons are in our bosom, are in peace and will be sleeping in peace comfortably. From now on, they have became our sons since they have lost their lives on this land. A tribute to those ANZACs who died in Gallipoli (1934), this is inscribed on the [http://www.mch.govt.nz/emblems/monuments/ataturk.html Atatürk Memorial in Turakena Bay, Gallipoli] and at the Kemal Atatürk Memorial, Canberra

„Your voice is my voice. Do not forget it!“

— Мустафа Кемаль Ататюрк
Context: Your voice is my voice. Do not forget it! (according to F. Rıfkı Atay)

„Men, I am not ordering you to attack. I am ordering you to die.“

— Мустафа Кемаль Ататюрк
Context: Men, I am not ordering you to attack. I am ordering you to die. In the time that it takes us to die, other forces and commanders can come and take our place. Orders to the 57th Infantry Regiment, at the Battle of Gallipoli (25 April 1915); as quoted in [http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/army/csi-battles.htm Studies in Battle Command] by Combat Studies Institute, US Army Command and General Staff College, p. 89; also quoted in Turkey (2007) by Verity Campbell, p. 188 Variant translation: I am not ordering you to fight, I am ordering you to die.