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John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton, 1º barão Acton, KCVO, DL , foi um historiador britânico.

Foi director da revista católica The Rambler desde 1859. Opôs-se ao Syllabus, documento de oitenta pontos, publicado pela Santa Sé em 1864, durante o papado de Pio IX. Também foi contrário ao dogma da Infalibilidade papal, embora tenha acabado por aceitá-lo, ao ser promulgado por Pio IX, em 1870, por ocasião do Concílio Vaticano I.Como Regius Professor da Universidade de Cambridge , preparou a famosa História Moderna de Cambridge. Wikipedia  

✵ 10. Janeiro 1834 – 19. Junho 1902
John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton photo
John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton: 115 citações1 Curtida

John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton Frases famosas

“Tudo o que é secreto degenera, mesmo na Justiça. Nada é seguro sem que prove ser capaz de enfrentar discussões e publicidade.”

John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton

Every thing secret degenerates, even the administration of justice; nothing is safe that does not show how it can bear discussion and publicity.
Lord Acton and His Circle - Página 166, John Emerich Edward Dalberg Acton Baron Acton, ‎Francis Aidan Gasquet - Longmans, Green, 1906

“O poder tende a corromper, e o poder absoluto corrompe absolutamente, de modo que os grandes homens são quase sempre homens maus.”

John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton

&quot;Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely in such manner that great men are almost always bad men.&quot; <br class="br"> Letter to Bishop Mandell Creighton, April 5, 1887 http://oll.libertyfund.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=1407&amp;Itemid=283. In Figgis, J. N. e Laurence, R. V. Historical Essays and Studies, London: Macmillan, 1907.

John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton: Frases em inglês

“In ancient times the State absorbed authorities not its own, and intruded on the domain of personal freedom. In the Middle Ages it possessed too little authority, and suffered others to intrude. Modern States fall habitually into both excesses. The most certain test by which we judge whether a country is really free is the amount of security enjoyed by minorities. Liberty, by this definition, is the essential condition and guardian of religion...”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

The History of Freedom in Antiquity (1877)

“A government which cannot be reformed does not merit to be preserved.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private notes, quoted in Gertrude Himmelfarb, Lord Acton: A Study in Conscience and Politics (1952), p. 74
Undated

“Democracy is government of the strongest, just as military despotism is. This is a bond of connection between the two. They are the brutal forms of government and as strength and authority go together, necessarily arbitrarily.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private notes, quoted in Gertrude Himmelfarb, Lord Acton: A Study in Conscience and Politics (1952), p. 72
Undated

“The strongest of all the obstacles to progress, the reign of the dead.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private notes, quoted in G. E. Fasnacht, Acton's Political Philosophy. An Analysis (1952), p. 60, n. 1
Undated

“Property, not Conscience, is the basis of liberty. For the defence of Conscience need not arise. Property is always exposed to State interference. It is the constant object of policy.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private notes, quoted in G. E. Fasnacht, Acton's Political Philosophy. An Analysis (1952), p. 19, n. 7
Undated

“If it can be shown that the majority of women will probably be Liberal, or that they will divide equally, I should say that the balance is, very slightly, in favour of giving them votes.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Letter to William Ewart Gladstone (26 April 1891), quoted in J. N. Figgis and R. V. Laurence (eds.), Selections from the Correspondence of the First Lord Acton, Vol. I (1917), p. 235

“The yeoman farmers of the United States have always been the strength of the republic.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

The North British Review (April 1870), p. 268, quoted in G. E. Fasnacht, Acton's Political Philosophy. An Analysis (1952), p. 217

“The English constitution was excellent until removed by foreign writers into the domain of theory, when in direct contradiction with its nature and origin it came to be admired as a common representative government.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private journal (1858), quoted in Gertrude Himmelfarb, Lord Acton: A Study in Conscience and Politics (1952), p. 70

“We must not pursue science for ends independent of science. It must be pursued for its own sake, and must lead to its own results.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private journal (1858), quoted in Gertrude Himmelfarb, Lord Acton: A Study in Conscience and Politics (1952), p. 40

“The lesson of modern history—that Religions enjoy (are endowed with) the prerogative of perpetual youth while philosophies seldom outlast a generation.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private notes, quoted in Herbert Butterfield, ‘Acton: His Training, Methods and Intellectual System’, in A. O. Sarkissian (ed.), Studies in Diplomatic History and Historiography in honour of G. P. Gooch, C.H. (1961), p. 195
Undated

“The early history of the world is the history of a few great men. Their Wirkungskreis is immense—vaster than that of God himself.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private notes, quoted in Herbert Butterfield, ‘Acton: His Training, Methods and Intellectual System’, in A. O. Sarkissian (ed.), Studies in Diplomatic History and Historiography in honour of G. P. Gooch, C.H. (1961), p. 194
Undated

“The only resistance ever made to Louis XIV was from religion.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private notes, quoted in Herbert Butterfield, ‘Acton: His Training, Methods and Intellectual System’, in A. O. Sarkissian (ed.), Studies in Diplomatic History and Historiography in honour of G. P. Gooch, C.H. (1961), p. 194
Undated

“Religious liberty came not from the Reformation or from the sects as a whole but from particular sects...especially those which the Reformation sought to exterminate.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private notes, quoted in Herbert Butterfield, ‘Acton: His Training, Methods and Intellectual System’, in A. O. Sarkissian (ed.), Studies in Diplomatic History and Historiography in honour of G. P. Gooch, C.H. (1961), p. 194
Undated

“What one hears in Ranke. The whisper of statecraft. Not the tramp of democracy's earthquake feet. Not the dull roar of surging opinion.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private notes, quoted in Herbert Butterfield, ‘Acton: His Training, Methods and Intellectual System’, in A. O. Sarkissian (ed.), Studies in Diplomatic History and Historiography in honour of G. P. Gooch, C.H. (1961), p. 192
Undated

“Liberalism is really opposed to liberty. ... Modern liberalism in England as well as abroad, in America as well as in Europe, has done more to destroy liberty than monarchy has done.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Private notes, quoted in Herbert Butterfield, ‘Acton: His Training, Methods and Intellectual System’, in A. O. Sarkissian (ed.), Studies in Diplomatic History and Historiography in honour of G. P. Gooch, C.H. (1961), p. 186
Undated

“[I]t will not do to act as if the moral question was not the supreme question in public life, and, in a sense, the vera causa of party conflict.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Letter to William Ewart Gladstone (21 November 1891), quoted in J. N. Figgis and R. V. Laurence (eds.), Selections from the Correspondence of the First Lord Acton, Vol. I (1917), p. 257
1890s

“There are two things which cannot be attacked in front: ignorance and narrow-mindedness. They can only be shaken by the simple development of the contrary qualities. They will not bear discussion.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Letter (23 January 1861), published in Lord Acton and his Circle (1906) by Abbot Francis Aidan Gasquet, Letter 74
1860s

“The danger is not that a particular class is unfit to govern. Every class is unfit to govern. The law of liberty tends to abolish the reign of race over race, of faith over faith, of class over class.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

1880s, Letter to Mary Gladstone (1881)

“Before God, there is neither Greek nor barbarian, neither rich nor poor; and the slave is as good as his master, for by birth all men are free; they are citizens of that universal commonwealth which embraces all the world, brethren of one family, and children of God.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

1870s, The History of Freedom in Antiquity (1877)

“Liberty, next to religion has been the motive of good deeds and the common pretext of crime, from the sowing of the seed at Athens, two thousand four hundred and sixty years ago, until the ripened harvest was gathered by men of our race.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Opening statement.
1870s, The History of Freedom in Antiquity (1877)

“A time came when the Catholics, having long relied on force, were compelled to appeal to opinion. That which had been defiantly acknowledged and defended required to be ingeniously explained away. The same motive which had justified the murder now prompted the lie. Men shrank from the conviction that the rulers and restorers of their Church had been murderers and abetters of murder, and that so much infamy had been coupled with so much zeal. They feared to say that the most monstrous of crimes had been solemnly approved at Rome, lest they should devote the Papacy to the execration of mankind. A swarm of facts were invented to meet the difficulty: The victims were insignificant in number; they were slain for no reason connected with religion; the Pope believed in the existence of the plot; the plot was a reality; the medal is fictitious; the massacre was a feint concerted with the Protestants themselves; the Pope rejoiced only when he heard that it was over. These things were repeated so often that they have been sometimes believed; and men have fallen into this way of speaking whose sincerity was unimpeachable, and who were not shaken in their religion by the errors or the vices of Popes. Möhler was pre-eminently such a man. In his lectures on the history of the Church, which were published only last year, he said that the Catholics, as such, took no part in the massacre; that no cardinal, bishop, or priest shared in the councils that prepared it; that Charles informed the Pope that a conspiracy had been discovered; and that Gregory made his thanksgiving only because the King's life was saved. Such things will cease to be written when men perceive that truth is the only merit that gives dignity and worth to history.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Fonte: 1860s, The Massacre Of St. Bartholomew (1869)

“The worst criminals were not the men who did the deed. The crime of mobs and courtiers, infuriated by the lust of vengeance and of power, is not so strange a portent as the exultation of peaceful men, influenced by no present injury or momentary rage, but by the permanent and incurable perversion of moral sense wrought by a distorted piety.”

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John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton

Fonte: 1860s, The Massacre Of St. Bartholomew (1869)

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