Frases de Ludwig von Mises
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Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises foi economista, filósofo e grande defensor da liberdade econômica como suporte básico da liberdade individual, é um dos ícones da Escola Austríaca.

Em um de seus livros, Ação Humana , apresentou os fundamentos metodológicos dessa escola e integrou a teoria austríaca. Publicou ainda diversas outras obras, muitas delas se encontram em português publicadas pelo Instituto Liberal e todas elas, na versão em inglês, podem ser baixadas gratuitamente do site do Instituto Ludwig von Mises. Entre outros, ele desenvolveu uma teoria do ciclo de negócios baseada nas mudanças das relações do mercado de crédito, e uma teoria sobre a impossibilidade do cálculo econômico no socialismo .

✵ 29. Setembro 1881 – 10. Outubro 1973
Ludwig von Mises: 97   citações 86   Curtidas

Ludwig von Mises Frases famosas

“O progresso é precisamente aquilo não previsto pelas regras e regulamentos.”

Progress is precisely that which the rules and regulations did not foresee.
Bureaucracy - página 67, Ludwig Von Mises - Yale University Press, 1944 - 125 páginas

“O objetivo do liberalismo é a cooperação pacífica de todos os homens. Também tem por objetivo a paz entre as nações. Quando há propriedade privada dos meios de produção em todos os lugares e quando as leis, os tribunais e a administração trata estrangeiros e cidadãos de forma igual, é de pouca importância onde as fronteiras de um país estão desenhadas.”

The goal of liberalism is the peaceful cooperation of all men. It aims at peace among nations too. When there is private ownership of the means of production everywhere and when laws, the tribunals and the administration treat foreigners and citizens on equal terms, it is of little importance where a country's frontiers are drawn.
Omnipotent Government : The Rise of the Total State and Total War (1944)

Citações de homens de Ludwig von Mises

“A economia não lida com coisas e objetos materiais tangíveis, trata dos homens, suas ações e propósitos.”

Economics is not about things and tangible material objects; it is about men, their meanings and actions.
Human action: a treatise on economics - página 92, Ludwig Von Mises - W. Hodge, 1949 - 889 páginas
Ação Humana

“A economia se ocupa das ações reais de homens reais. Seus teoremas não se referem a homens perfeitos ou ideais, nem a um mítico homem econômico (homo oeconomicus) e nem à noção estatística de um homem médio (homme moyen). O homem, com todas as suas fraquezas e limitações, o homem tal como vive e age na realidade - eis o objeto dos estudos da cataláxia. Toda ação humana é tema para a praxeologia.”

Economics deals with the real actions of real men. Its theorems refer neither to ideal nor to perfect men, neither to the phantom of a fabulous economic man (homo oeconomicus) nor to the statistical notion of an average man (homme moyen). Man with all his weaknesses and limitations, every man as he lives and acts, is the subject matter of catallactics. Every human action is a theme of praxeology.
Human action: a treatise on economics - página 646, Ludwig Von Mises - Yale University Press, 1949 - 889 páginas
Ação Humana

Citações de idade de Ludwig von Mises

“Se alguém rejeita o laissez faire por causa da falibilidade do homem e fraqueza moral, deve-se, pela mesma razão, também rejeitar cada tipo de ação governamental.”

If one rejects laissez faire on account of man's fallibility and moral weakness, one must for the same reason also reject every kind of government action.
Planning for Freedom (1952), p. 44

“A história da humanidade é a história das idéias.”

The history of mankind is the history of ideas.
Socialism: an economic and sociological analysis - página 566, Ludwig Von Mises - J. Cape, 1953 - 599 páginas

Ludwig von Mises frases e citações

“Na economia de mercado não há outro meio de adquirir e preservar a riqueza, a não ser fornecendo às massas o que elas querem, da maneira melhor e mais barata possível.”

There is in the market economy no other means of acquiring and preserving wealth than by supplying the masses in the best and cheapest way with all the goods they ask for.
Human action: a treatise on economics - página 616, Ludwig Von Mises - Yale University Press, 1949 - 889 páginas
Ação Humana

“Ninguém pode ser chamado para estabelecer o que é necessário para que alguém seja feliz.”

Nobody is called upon to establish what could make another man happy.
Human action: a treatise on economics - página 647, Ludwig Von Mises - Yale University Press, 1949 - 889 páginas
Ação Humana

“Se a história da civilização poderia nos ensinar alguma coisa, seria que a propriedade privada está indissoluvelmente ligada à civilização.”

If history could teach us anything it would be that private property is inextricably linked with civilization.
Omnipotent government: the rise of the total state and total war - página 58, Ludwig Von Mises - Yale University Press, 1944 - 291 páginas

Ludwig von Mises: Frases em inglês

“Now it cannot be denied that the only way one can offer effective resistance to violent assaults is by violence.”

Ludwig von Mises livro Liberalism

: The Foundations of Liberal Policy § 10. The Argument of Fascism https://mises.org/liberal/ch1sec10.asp,Ch.1
Liberalism (1927)
Contexto: Now it cannot be denied that the only way one can offer effective resistance to violent assaults is by violence. Against the weapons of the Bolsheviks, weapons must be used in reprisal, and it would be a mistake to display weakness before murderers. No liberal has ever called this into question. What distinguishes liberal from Fascist political tactics is not a difference of opinion in regard to the necessity of using armed force to resist armed attackers, but a difference in the fundamental estimation of the role of violence in a struggle for power. The great danger threatening domestic policy from the side of Fascism lies in its complete faith in the decisive power of violence. In order to assure success, one must be imbued with the will to victory and always proceed violently. This is its highest principle. What happens, however, when one's opponent, similarly animated by the will to be victorious, acts just as violently? The result must be a battle, a civil war. The ultimate victor to emerge from such conflicts will be the faction strongest in number. In the long run, a minority — even if it is composed of the most capable and energetic — cannot succeed in resisting the majority. The decisive question, therefore, always remains: How does one obtain a majority for one's own party? This, however, is a purely intellectual matter. It is a victory that can be won only with the weapons of the intellect, never by force. The suppression of all opposition by sheer violence is a most unsuitable way to win adherents to one's cause. Resort to naked force — that is, without justification in terms of intellectual arguments accepted by public opinion — merely gains new friends for those whom one is thereby trying to combat. In a battle between force and an idea, the latter always prevails.

“The ultimate outcome of the struggle, however, will not be decided by arms, but by ideas.”

Ludwig von Mises livro Liberalism

Fonte: Liberalism (1927), Ch. 1 : The Foundations of Liberal Policy § 10 : The Argument of Fascism
Contexto: Repression by brute force is always a confession of the inability to make use of the better weapons of the intellect — better because they alone give promise of final success. This is the fundamental error from which Fascism suffers and which will ultimately cause its downfall. The victory of Fascism in a number of countries is only an episode in the long series of struggles over the problem of property. The next episode will be the victory of Communism. The ultimate outcome of the struggle, however, will not be decided by arms, but by ideas. It is ideas that group men into fighting factions, that press the weapons into their hands, and that determine against whom and for whom the weapons shall be used. It is they alone, and not arms, that, in the last analysis, turn the scales.
So much for the domestic policy of Fascism. That its foreign policy, based as it is on the avowed principle of force in international relations, cannot fail to give rise to an endless series of wars that must destroy all of modern civilization requires no further discussion. To maintain and further raise our present level of economic development, peace among nations must be assured. But they cannot live together in peace if the basic tenet of the ideology by which they are governed is the belief that one's own nation can secure its place in the community of nations by force alone.
It cannot be denied that Fascism and similar movements aiming at the establishment of dictatorships are full of the best intentions and that their intervention has, for the moment, saved European civilization. The merit that Fascism has thereby won for itself will live on eternally in history. But though its policy has brought salvation for the moment, it is not of the kind which could promise continued success. Fascism was an emergency makeshift. To view it as something more would be a fatal error.

“It is a double-edged makeshift to entrust an individual or a group of individuals with the authority to resort to violence.”

Fonte: The Ultimate Foundation of Economic Science (1962), Chapter 5: On Some Popular Errors Concerning the Scope and Method of Economics, § 10 : The Concept of a Perfect System of Government
Contexto: It is a double-edged makeshift to entrust an individual or a group of individuals with the authority to resort to violence. The enticement implied is too tempting for a human being. The men who are to protect the community against violent aggression easily turn into the most dangerous aggressors. They transgress their mandate. They misuse their power for the oppression of those whom they were expected to defend against oppression. The main political problem is how to prevent the police power from becoming tyrannical. This is the meaning of all the struggles for liberty.

“It cannot be denied that Fascism and similar movements aiming at the establishment of dictatorships are full of the best intentions and that their intervention has, for the moment, saved European civilization. The merit that Fascism has thereby won for itself will live on eternally in history.”

Ludwig von Mises livro Liberalism

Fonte: Liberalism (1927), Ch. 1 : The Foundations of Liberal Policy § 10 : The Argument of Fascism
Contexto: Repression by brute force is always a confession of the inability to make use of the better weapons of the intellect — better because they alone give promise of final success. This is the fundamental error from which Fascism suffers and which will ultimately cause its downfall. The victory of Fascism in a number of countries is only an episode in the long series of struggles over the problem of property. The next episode will be the victory of Communism. The ultimate outcome of the struggle, however, will not be decided by arms, but by ideas. It is ideas that group men into fighting factions, that press the weapons into their hands, and that determine against whom and for whom the weapons shall be used. It is they alone, and not arms, that, in the last analysis, turn the scales.
So much for the domestic policy of Fascism. That its foreign policy, based as it is on the avowed principle of force in international relations, cannot fail to give rise to an endless series of wars that must destroy all of modern civilization requires no further discussion. To maintain and further raise our present level of economic development, peace among nations must be assured. But they cannot live together in peace if the basic tenet of the ideology by which they are governed is the belief that one's own nation can secure its place in the community of nations by force alone.
It cannot be denied that Fascism and similar movements aiming at the establishment of dictatorships are full of the best intentions and that their intervention has, for the moment, saved European civilization. The merit that Fascism has thereby won for itself will live on eternally in history. But though its policy has brought salvation for the moment, it is not of the kind which could promise continued success. Fascism was an emergency makeshift. To view it as something more would be a fatal error.

“If historical experience could teach us anything, it would be that private property is inextricably linked with civilization.”

Ludwig von Mises livro Ação Humana

Fonte: Human Action (1949), Chapter XV. The Market, § 4 The Scope and Method of Catallactics

“Permanent mass unemployment destroys the moral foundations of the social order. The young people, who, having finished their training for work, are forced to remain idle, are the ferment out of which the most radical political movements are formed. In their ranks the soldiers of the coming revolutions are recruited.”

Ludwig von Mises livro Socialism

Part V : The Economics of a Socialist Community, § V : Destructionism, Ch. 33 : The Motive Powers of Destructionism, p. 440 http://www.econlib.org/library/Mises/msS12.html#V.34.35,Ch.33
Socialism (1922)

“Inflation is an increase in the quantity of money without a corresponding increase in the demand for money, i. e., for cash holdings.”

The Free Market and Its Enemies, speech to the Foundation for Economic Education https://fee.org/library/books/the-free-market-and-its-enemies/ (1951)

“The proof of a theory is in its reasoning, not in its sponsorship”

Theory of Money and Credit http://www.econlib.org/library/Mises/msT1.html (1912)
Fonte: http://www.econlib.org/library/Mises/msT2.html#I.5.12 | Theory of Money and Credit

“In fact, however, the supporters of the welfare state are utterly anti-social and intolerant zealots.”

Ludwig von Mises livro Socialism

Socialism (1922), Epilogue (1947)
Contexto: In fact, however, the supporters of the welfare state are utterly anti-social and intolerant zealots. For their ideology tacitly implies that the government will exactly execute what they themselves deem right and beneficial. They entirely disregard the possibility that there could arise disagreement with regard to the question of what is right and expedient and what is not. They advocate enlightened despotism, but they are convinced that the enlightened despot will in every detail comply with their own opinion concerning the measures to be adopted. They favour planning, but what they have in mind is exclusively their own plan, not those of other people. They want to exterminate all opponents, that is, all those who disagree with them. They are utterly intolerant and are not prepared to allow any discussion. Every advocate of the welfare state and of planning is a potential dictator. What he plans is to deprive all other men of all their rights, and to establish his own and his friends' unrestricted omnipotence. He refuses to convince his fellow-citizens. He prefers to "liquidate" them. He scorns the "bourgeois" society that worships law and legal procedure. He himself worships violence and bloodshed.

“To maintain and further raise our present level of economic development, peace among nations must be assured. But they cannot live together in peace if the basic tenet of the ideology by which they are governed is the belief that one's own nation can secure its place in the community of nations by force alone.”

Ludwig von Mises livro Liberalism

Fonte: Liberalism (1927), Ch. 1 : The Foundations of Liberal Policy § 10 : The Argument of Fascism
Contexto: Repression by brute force is always a confession of the inability to make use of the better weapons of the intellect — better because they alone give promise of final success. This is the fundamental error from which Fascism suffers and which will ultimately cause its downfall. The victory of Fascism in a number of countries is only an episode in the long series of struggles over the problem of property. The next episode will be the victory of Communism. The ultimate outcome of the struggle, however, will not be decided by arms, but by ideas. It is ideas that group men into fighting factions, that press the weapons into their hands, and that determine against whom and for whom the weapons shall be used. It is they alone, and not arms, that, in the last analysis, turn the scales.
So much for the domestic policy of Fascism. That its foreign policy, based as it is on the avowed principle of force in international relations, cannot fail to give rise to an endless series of wars that must destroy all of modern civilization requires no further discussion. To maintain and further raise our present level of economic development, peace among nations must be assured. But they cannot live together in peace if the basic tenet of the ideology by which they are governed is the belief that one's own nation can secure its place in the community of nations by force alone.
It cannot be denied that Fascism and similar movements aiming at the establishment of dictatorships are full of the best intentions and that their intervention has, for the moment, saved European civilization. The merit that Fascism has thereby won for itself will live on eternally in history. But though its policy has brought salvation for the moment, it is not of the kind which could promise continued success. Fascism was an emergency makeshift. To view it as something more would be a fatal error.

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