Frases de Michel Foucault página 4

“Édipo não se cegou por culpa, mas por excesso de informação.”

A Ordem do Discurso, p.44"
A Ordem do Discurso

“As luzes que descobriram as liberdades inventaram também as disciplinas”

Œdipe ne s'est pas crevé les yeux par culpabilité, mais par excès d'information <br class="br">citado em reportagem de " Le Monde http://www.mre.gov.br/portugues/noticiario/internacional/selecao_detalhe3.asp?ID_RESENHA=152810", intitulada "Lula était le "sauveur du peuple", il ne l'est plus : le blues des intellectuels et des artistes face aux scandales", Data: 30/07/2005

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

na obra "Vigiar e Punir", página 183, de Michel Foucault, Editora Vozes, 1998; citado em "Modernidade e Dominação" - página 105, de Sílvio Cesar Camargo, Publicado por Annablume

“Não me pergunte quem sou e não me diga para permanecer o mesmo.”

“Uma tarde eu estava ali, olhando muito, falando pouco, ouvindo o menos possível, quando fui abordado por uma das mais bizarras personagens desse país, que Deus não deixou que faltasse. É um misto de altura, baixeza, bom senso e desatino”. No momento em que a dúvida atingia seus perigos maiores, Descartes tinha consciência de que não podia estar louco – sem que isso impedisse que reconhecesse, durante muito tempo ainda e até o mau gênio, que todos os poderes do desatino espreitavam à volta do seu pensamento.”

Frases sobre o tempo de Michel Foucault

“A ordem é ao mesmo tempo aquilo que se oferece nas coisas como sua lei interior, a rede secreta segundo a qual elas se olham de algum modo umas às outras e aquilo que só existe através do crivo de um olhar, de uma atenção, de uma linguagem…”

...

“Não há relação de poder sem a constituição correlativa de um campo de conhecimento, nem qualquer conhecimento que não pressuponha e constitua ao mesmo tempo relações de poder.”

FOUCAULT, M. As Palavras e as Coisas. São Paulo, Martins Fontes: p. 9-12.

Esta tradução está aguardando revisão. Está correcto?

“Acredita-se que é simular um paradoxo supor, por um só instante, o que poderiam ser o mundo, o pensamento e a verdade se o homem não existisse. É que estamos tão ofuscados pela recente evidência do homem que sequer guardamos em nossa lembrança o tempo, todavia pouco distante, em que existiam o mundo, sua ordem, os seres humanos, mas não o homem. Compreende-se o poder de abalo que pôde ter e que conserva ainda o pensamento de Nietzsche, quando anunciou, sob a forma do acontecimento iminente, da Promessa-Ameaça, que, bem logo, o homem não seria mais - mas, sim, o super-homem; o que, numa filosofia do Retorno, queria dizer que o homem, já desde muito tempo, havia desaparecido e não cessava de desaparecer, e que nosso pensamento moderno do homem, nossa solicitude para com ele, nosso humanismo dormiam serenamente sobre sua retumbante inexistência. A nós, que nos acreditamos ligados a uma finitude que só a nós pertence e que nos abre, pelo conhecer, a verdade do mundo, não deveria ser lembrado que estamos presos ao dorso de um tigre?”

Michel Foucault livro As palavras e as coisas

The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences

Citações de idade de Michel Foucault

“A ficção consiste não em fazer ver o invisível, mas em fazer ver até que ponto é invisível a invisibilidade do visível.”

“A disciplina é um princípio de controle da produção do discurso. Ela lhe fixa os limites pelo jogo de uma identidade que tem a forma de uma reatualização permanente das regras.”

La fiction consiste donc non pas à faire voir l'invisible, mais à faire voir combien est invisible l'invisibilité du visible
citado em "Qu'est-ce qu'un espace littéraire?"‎ - Página 31, de Xavier Garnier, Pierre Zoberman, Pascale Hellégouarc'h, Maarten Van Delden - Publicado por Presses universitaires de Vincennes, 2006 ISBN 2842921852, 9782842921859 - 206 páginas

“Os problemas da loucura giram ao redor da materialidade da alma.”

A Ordem do Discurso, p.36"
A Ordem do Discurso

“Pois toda felicidade não é mais, talvez, que felicidade de expressão.”

Michel Foucault, início do Cap. 7 de A história da loucura na Idade Clássica.

“A psicologia nunca poderá dizer a verdade sobre a loucura, pois é a loucura que detém a verdade da psicologia.”

citado em "A refração da sombra"‎ - Página vii, de Paulo Cesar Lopes - Publicado por FUNPEC Editora, 2004 ISBN 8587528777, 9788587528773 - 113 páginas

Michel Foucault frases e citações

“Existem momentos na vida onde a questão de saber se se pode pensar diferentemente do que se pensa, e perceber diferentemente do que se vê, é indispensável para continuar a olhar ou a refletir.”

"Maladie Mentale et Psychologie"

“O novo não está no que é dito, mas no acontecimento de sua volta.”

“O discurso não é simplesmente aquilo que traduz as lutas ou os sistemas de dominação, mas aquilo porque, pelo que se luta, o poder do qual nos queremos apoderar.”

A Ordem do Discurso, p.26"
A Ordem do Discurso

“Quanto àqueles para quem esforçar-se, começar e recomeçar, experimentar, enganar-se, retomar tudo de cima a baixo e ainda encontrar meio de hesitar a cada passo, àqueles para quem, em suma, trabalhar mantendo-se em reserva e inquietação equivale à demissão, pois bem, é evidente que não somos do mesmo planeta.”

A Ordem do Discurso, p.10"
A Ordem do Discurso

“De onde vem a história? Da plebe. A quem se dirige? Á plebe. É o discurso que ele lhe faz muito parecido com o do demagogo: ninguém é maior do que vocês" diz este "e aquele que tiver a presunção de querer ser superior a vocês - vocês que são bons - é malvado"; e o historiador, que é seu duplo, o imita: "nenhum passado é maior do que seu presente e tudo o que na história pode se apresentar com ar de grandeza, meu saber meticuloso lhes mostrará a pequenez, a crueldade, e a infelicidade".”

História da Sexualidade 2

“A decadência da Europa nos oferece um espectáculo imenso cujos momentos mais fortes são omitidos ou são dispensados. O próprio da cena em que nos encontramos hoje é representar um teatro; sem monumentos que sejam nossa obra e que nos pertençam, nós vivemos cercados de cenários. Mas há mais: o europeu não sabe quem ele é; ele ignora que raças se misturam nele; ele procura que papel poderia ter; ele não tem individualidade.”

Microfísica del poder

“A alma, prisão do corpo.”

Microfísica del poder

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Vigiar e Punir

“A heresia e a ortodoxia não derivam de um exagero fanático dos mecanismos doutrinários, elas lhes pertencem fundamentalmente.”

“Chamamos de loucura essa doença dos órgãos do cérebro…”

A Ordem do Discurso, p.42"
A Ordem do Discurso

“De homem a homem verdadeiro, o caminho passa pelo homem louco.”

Voltaire - Dicionário Filosófico In: Michel Foucault, início do Cap. 7 de A história da loucura na Idade Clássica.

“Não há angústia, nem fantasia por trás da felicidade, é esta que não toleramos mais”

“As mudanças económicas do século XVIII tornaram necessário fazer circular os efeitos do poder, por canais cada vez mais sutis, chegando até os próprios indivíduos, seus corpos, seus gestos, cada um de seus desempenhos cotidianos. Que o poder, mesmo tendo uma multiplicidade de homens a gerir, seja tão eficaz quanto se ele exercesse sobre um só.”

“Quando penso, dizia ele logo que lia ou escutava, quando penso nesta frase que vai partir para a eternidade sem que eu talvez ainda não tenha compreendido plenamente.”

Microfísica del poder

A Ordem do Discurso, p.24"
A Ordem do Discurso

“It is ugly to be punishable, but there is no glory in punishing. Hence the double system of protection that justice has set up between itself and the punishment it imposes.”

No momento em que a dúvida atingia seus perigos maiores, Descartes tinha consciência de que não podia estar louco – sem que isso impedisse que reconhecesse, durante muito tempo ainda e até o mau gênio, que todos os poderes do desatino espreitavam à volta do seu pensamento.(...)"
Michel Foucault, início da Introdução da Parte III de História da loucura na Idade Clássica.

Michel Foucault: Frases em inglês

“He who is subjected to a field of visibility, and who knows it, assumes responsibility for the constraints of power; he makes them play spontaneously upon himself; he inscribes in himself the power relation in which he simultaneously plays both roles; he becomes the principle of his own subjection.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Fonte: Discipline and Punish (1977), pp. 10

“We are aware of all the inconveniences of prison, and that it is dangerous when it is not useless. And yet one cannot 'see' how to replace it. It is the detestable solution, which one seems unable to do without.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Discipline and Punish (1977)

“Is it surprising that prisons resemble factories, schools, barracks, hospitals, which all resemble prisons?”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Part Four, Complete and austere institutions
Discipline and Punish (1977)

“When I was a student in the 1950s, I read Husserl, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty. When you feel an overwhelming influence, you try to open a window. Paradoxically enough, Heidegger is not very difficult for a Frenchman to understand. When every word is an enigma, you are in a not-too-bad position to understand Heidegger. Being and Time is difficult, but the more recent works are clearer. Nietzsche was a revelation to me. I felt that there was someone quite different from what I had been taught. I read him with a great passion and broke with my life, left my job in the asylum, left France: I had the feeling I had been trapped. Through Nietzsche, I had become a stranger to all that.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Discipline and Punish (1977) as translated by Alan Sheridan, p. 228
Discipline and Punish (1977)

“In the ceremonies of the public execution, the main character was the people, whose real and immediate presence was required for the performance.”

Truth, Power, Self : An Interview with Michel Foucault (25 October 1982)

“I'm very proud that some people think that I'm a danger for the intellectual health of students. When people start thinking of health in intellectual activities, I think there is something wrong. In their opinion I am a dangerous man, since I am a crypto-Marxist, an irrationalist, a nihilist.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Fonte: Discipline and Punish (1977), Chapter One, pp. 56

“How to define the moment that I write?”

Truth, Power, Self : An Interview with Michel Foucault (25 October 1982)

“The most defenseless tenderness and the bloodiest of powers have a similar need of confession. Western man has become a confessing animal.”

Qui définit le moment où j'écris?
"Un cours inedit" in Magazine littéraire (May 1984), page 34.

“Navigation brought man face to face with the uncertainty of destiny, where each is left to himself and every departure might always be the last. The madman on his crazy boat sets sail for the other world, and it is from the other world that he comes when he disembarks. This enforced navigation is both rigorous division and absolute Passage, serving to underline in real and imaginary terms the liminal situation of the mad in medieval society. It was a highly symbolic role, made clear by the mental geography involved, where the madman was confined at the gates of the cities. His exclusion was his confinement, and if he had no prison other than the threshold itself he was still detained at this place of passage. In a highly symbolic position he is placed on the inside of the outside, or vice versa. A posture that is still his today, if we admit that what was once the visible fortress of social order is now the castle of our own consciousness.”

Vol. I, p. 59
History of Sexuality (1976–1984)

“At the end of the Middle Ages, leprosy disappeared from the Western world. In the margins of the community, at the gates of cities, there stretched wastelands which sickness had ceased to haunt but had left sterile and long uninhabitable. For centuries is, these reaches would belong to the non-human. From the fourteenth to the seventeenth century, they would wait, soliciting with strange incantations a new incarnation of disease, another grimace of terror, renewed rites of purification and exclusion.”

Part One: 1. Stultifera Navis
History of Madness (1961)

“Discipline 'makes' individuals; it is the specific technique of a power that regards individuals both as objects and as instruments of its exercise. It is not a triumphant power…it is a modest, suspicious power, which functions as a calculated, but permanent economy.”

Part One: 1. Stultifera Navis
History of Madness (1961)

“A utopia of judicial reticence: take away life, but prevent the patient from feeling it; deprive the prisoner of all rights, but do not inflict pain; impose penalties free of all pain. Recourse to psycho-pharmacology and to various physiological ‘disconnectors’, even if it is temporary, is a logical consequence of this ‘non-corporal’ penalty.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Discipline and Punish (1977)

“If our intention now is to reveal classical unreason on its own terms, outside of its ties with dreams and error, it must be understood not as a form of reason that is somehow diseased, lost or mad, but quite simply as reason dazzled.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Fonte: Discipline and Punish (1977), Chapter One, The Spectacle of the Scaffold

“There has been an inversion in the hierarchy of the two principles of antiquity, “Take care of yourself” and “Know yourself.” In Greco-Roman culture, knowledge of oneself appeared as the consequence of the care of the self. In the modern world, knowledge of oneself constitutes the fundamental principle.”

Part Two: 2. The Transcendence of Delirium
History of Madness (1961)

“What is important is that sex was not only a question of sensation and pleasure, of law and interdiction, but also of the true and the false.”

“Technologies of the Self,” Ethics, Subjectivity and Truth (1994), p. 228

“The condemned man found himself transformed into a hero by the sheer extend of his widely advertised crimes, and sometimes the affirmation of his belated repentance. Against the law, against the rich, the powerful, the magistrates, the constabulary or the watch, against taxes and their collectors, he appeared to have waged a struggle with which one all too easily identified. The proclamation of these crimes blew up to epic proportions the tiny struggle that passed unperceived in everyday life. If the condemned man was shown to be repentant, accepting the verdict, asking both God and man for forgiveness for his crimes, it was as if he had come through some process of purification: he died, in his own way, like a saint.”

L’important, c’est que le sexe n’ait pas été seulement affaire de sensation et de plaisir, de loi ou d’interdiction, mais aussi de vrai et de faux.
Vol. I, p. 76
History of Sexuality (1976–1984)

“The pastorate was formed against a sort of intoxication of religious behavior, examples of which are found throughout the Middle East in the second, third, and fourth centuries, and to which certain Gnostic sects in particular bear striking and indisputable testimony. In at least some of these Gnostic sects, in fact, the identification of matter with evil, and as absolute evil, obviously entailed certain consequences. This might be, for example, a kind of vertigo or enchantment provoked by a sort of unlimited asceticism that could lead to suicide: freeing oneself from matter as quickly as possible. There is also the idea, the theme, of destroying matter through the exhaustion of the evils it contains, of committing every possible sin, going to the very end of the domain of evil opened up by matter, and thus destroying matter. Let us sin, then, and sin to infinity. There is also the theme of the nullification of the world of the law, to destroy which one must first destroy the law, that is to say, break every law. One must respond to every law established by the world, or by the powers of the world, by violating it, systematically breaking the law and in effect, overthrowing the reign of the one who created the world.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Fonte: Discipline and Punish (1977), Chapter One: The Spectacle of the scaffold, pp. 67

“He who is subjected to a field of visibility, and who knows it, assumes responsibility for the contraints of power; he makes them play spontaneously upon himself; he inscribes in himself the power relation which he simultaneously plays both roles; he becomes the principle of his own subjection.”

Lecture 8 (1 March 1978), p. 195
Security, Population, Territory (1978)

“Absurdity destroys the and of the enumeration by making impossible the in where the things enumerated would be divided up.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Part Three, Panopticism
Discipline and Punish (1977)

“Sometimes, because my position has not been made clear enough, people think I’m a sort of radical anarchist who has an absolute hatred of power. No! What I am trying to do is to approach this extremely important and tangled phenomenon in our society, the exercise of power, with the most reflective, and I would say prudent attitude. Prudent in my analysis, in the moral and theoretical postulates I use: I try to figure out what’s at stake. But to question the relations of power in the most scrupulous and attentive manner possible, looking into all the domains of its exercise, that’s not the same thing as constructing a mythology of power as the beast of the apocalypse.”

Preface
The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences (1970)

“The critical ontology of ourselves has to be considered not, certainly, as a theory, a doctrine, nor even as a permanent body of knowledge that is accumulating; it has to be conceived as an attitude, an ethos, a philosophical life in which the critique of what we are is at one and the same time the historical analysis of the limits that are imposed on us and an experiment with the possibility of going beyond them.”

"Power, Moral Values, and the Intellectual", interview in History of the Present 4 (Spring 1988)

“This dysfunction of power was related to a central excess: what might be called the monarchical 'super-power', which identified the right to punish with the personal power of the sovereign.”

What is Enlightenment? (1978)

“In the old system, the body of the condemned man became the king's property, on which the sovereign left his mark and brought down the effects of his power. Now he will be rather the property of society, the object of a collective and useful appropriation.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Fonte: Discipline and Punish (1977), Chapter Two, pp.80

“There is object proof that homosexuality is more interesting than heterosexuality. It's that one knows a considerable number of heterosexuals who would wish to become homosexuals, whereas one knows very few homosexuals who would really like to become heterosexuals.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Fonte: Discipline and Punish (1977), Chapter Three, The Gentle Way in Punishment

“If torture was so strongly embedded in legal practice, it was because it revealed truth and showed the operation of power. It assured the articulation of the written on the oral, the secret on the public, the procedure of investigation on the operation of the confession; it made it possible to reproduce the crime on the visible body of the criminal.”

As quoted in Who's Who in Contemporary Gay & Lesbian History: From World War II to the Present Day (2001) by Robert Aldrich and Gary Wotherspoon ISBN 041522974X

“The different pieces of evidence did not constitute so many neutral elements, until such time as they could be gathered together into a single body of evidence that would bring the final certainty of guilt. Each piece of evidence aroused a particular degree of abomination. Guilt did not begin when all the evidence was gathered together; piece by piece, it was constituted by each of the elements that made it possible to recognize a guilty person. Thus a semi-proof did not leave the suspect innocent until such time as it was completed; it made him semi-guilty; slight evidence of a serious crime marked someone as slightly criminal. In short, penal demonstration did not obey a dualistic system: true or false; but a principle of continuous gradation; a degree reached in the demonstration already formed a degree of guilt and consequently involved a degree of punishment.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Fonte: Discipline and Punish (1977), Chapter One, pp.55

“The gesture that divides madness is the constitutive one, not the science that grows up in the calm that returns after the division has been made.”

Michel Foucault livro Vigiar e Punir

Fonte: Discipline and Punish (1977), Chapter One, The body of the condemned, pp.23