Frases de Jürgen Habermas (34 citações) | Citações e frases famosas

Jürgen Habermas: 34 citações 29 Curtidas

Jürgen Habermas Frases famosas

“Não afirmo que os homens gostariam de agir de modo comunicativo, mas que eles são obrigados a agir desta maneira.”

Jürgen Habermas

Fonte - Livro: HABERMAS, Jürgen. Sobre o poder das teorias: e sobre a sua impotência. IN: HABERMAS, Jürgen. Diagnósticos do tempo: seis ensaios. Rio de Janeiro: Tempo Brasileiro, 2005."

“A dualidade entre fatos e decisões leva à validação do conhecimento fundado nas ciências da natureza e desta forma elimina-se a práxis vital do âmbito destas ciências. A divisão positivista entre valores e fatos, longe de indicar uma solução, define um problema.”

Jürgen Habermas

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“O único conhecimento que pode verdadeiramente orientar a ação é o conhecimento que se liberta de meros interesses humanos e é baseado em Idéias - em outras palavras, conhecimento que tomou uma atitude teórica*.
* [Prospectiva, conjuntural, investigativa como filosofia e ciência]”

Jürgen Habermas

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“O cristianismo funcionou para o auto-entendimento normativo da modernidade como mais do que um mero precursor ou um catalisador. O universalismo igualitário, de onde surgiram as ideias de liberdade e solidariedade social, de uma conduta anônima de vida e emancipação, da moralidade individual da consciência, dos direitos humanos e da democracia, é o herdeiro direto da ética judaica da justiça e da ética cristã do amor. Esse legado, substancialmente inalterado, tem sido objeto de contínua apropriação e reinterpretação crítica. Até hoje, não há alternativa para isso. E à luz dos atuais desafios de uma constelação pós-nacional, continuamos a basear-nos na substância dessa herança. Tudo o resto é apenas conversa pós-moderna ociosa.”

Jürgen Habermas

“Discurso designa uma forma de comunicação deliberativa, em contextos de crítica e debate, na qual são tematizadas as pretensões de validade quando a busca do entendimento mútuo acontece em situações de conflito, e são problematizados princípios e normas de validação que passarão a ser examinados à luz de processos argumentativos.”

Jürgen Habermas

Fonte - Livro: HABERMAS, Jürgen. Verdade e justificação: ensaios filosóficos. São Paulo, Edições Loyola, 2004.

“Só à luz da esfera pública é que aquilo que é consegue aparecer, tudo se torna visível a todos. Na conversação dos cidadãos entre si é que as coisas verbalizam e se configuram; na disputa dos pares entre si, os melhores se destacam e conquistam a sua essência: a imortalidade da fama.”

Jürgen Habermas

Fonte - Livro: HABERMAS, Jürgen. Mudança estrutural da esfera pública: investigações quanto a categoria da sociedade burguesa. Rio de Janeiro: Tempo Brasileiro, 2003. p. 16"

Jürgen Habermas frases e citações

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“Tecnicamente falando, uma vez que nossas sociedades complexas são altamente suscetíveis a interferências e acidentes, elas certamente oferecem oportunidades ideais para uma rápida interrupção das atividades normais. Essas rupturas podem, com um gasto mínimo, ter conseqüências consideravelmente destrutivas. O terrorismo global é extremo tanto na falta de objetivos realistas quanto na exploração cínica da vulnerabilidade de sistemas complexos.”

Jürgen Habermas

“O conceito do agir comunicativo pressupõe a linguagem como médium de uma espécie de processos de entendimento ao longo dos quais os participantes, quando se referem a um mundo, manifestam de parte a parte pretensões de validade que podem ser aceitas ou contestadas.”

Jürgen Habermas

Fonte - Livro: HABERMAS, Jürgen. Teoria do agir comunicativo: racionalidade da ação e racionalização social. São Paulo: Editora WMF Martins Fontes, 2012. V.1, p. 191"

De mundo

“Uma pretensão de validade pode ser manifestada por um falante diante de (no mínimo) um ouvinte.”

Jürgen Habermas

Fonte - Livro: HABERMAS, Jürgen. Teoria do agir comunicativo: racionalidade da ação e racionalização social. São Paulo: Editora WMF Martins Fontes, 2012. V.1, p. 82"

“Argumentação é o tipo de discurso em que os participantes tematizam pretensões de validade controversas e procuram resolvê-las ou criticá-las com argumentos.”

Jürgen Habermas

Fonte - Livro: HABERMAS, Jürgen. Teoria do agir comunicativo: racionalidade da ação e racionalização social. São Paulo: Editora WMF Martins Fontes, 2012. V.1, p.48"

Jürgen Habermas: Frases em inglês

“The speaker must choose a comprehensible [verständlich] expression so that speaker and hearer can understand one another.”

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Jürgen Habermas

Habermas (1979) cited in: Werner Ulrich (1983) Critical heuristics of social planning. p. 123

“[Critical social science attempts] to determine when theoretical statements grasp invariant regularities of social action as such and when they express ideologically frozen relations of dependence that can in principle be transformed.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro Knowledge and Human Interests

Fonte: Knowledge and Human Interests, 1971, p. 310 as cited in: Dominick LaCapra (1983) Rethinking Intellectual History: Texts, Contexts, Language. p. 170

“Technically speaking, since our complex societies are highly susceptible to interferences and accidents, they certainly offer ideal opportunities for a prompt disruption of normal activities. These disruptions can, with minimum expense, have considerably destructive consequences. Global terrorism is extreme both in its lack of realistic goals and in its cynical exploitation of the vulnerability of complex systems.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro Philosophy in a Time of Terror

Habermas (2004) in: Giovanna Borradori (2004) Philosophy in a Time of Terror: : Dialogues with Jurgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida. p. 34

“Christianity has functioned for the normative self-understanding of modernity as more than a mere precursor or a catalyst. Egalitarian universalism, from which sprang the ideas of freedom and social solidarity, of an antonomous conduct of life and emancipation, of the individual morality of conscience, human rights, and democracy, is the direct heir to the judaic ethic of justice and the Christian ethic of love. This legacy, substantially unchanged, has been the object of continual critical appropriation and reinterpretation. To this day, there is no alternative to it. And in the light of the current challenges of a postnational constellation, we continue to draw on the substance of this heritage. Everything else is just idle postmodern talk.”

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Jürgen Habermas

Habermas (2006) "Conversation about God and the World." Time of transitions. Cambridge: Polity Press, p. 150-151.

“Although objectively greater demands are placed on this authority, it operates less as a public opinion giving a rational foundation to the exercise of political and social authority, the more it is generated for the purpose of an abstract vote that amounts to no more than an act of acclamation within a public sphere temporarily manufactured for show or manipulation.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere

Fonte: The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, 1963/1991, p. 222

“The bourgeois public sphere may be conceived above all as the sphere of private people come together as a public; they soon claimed the public sphere regulated from above against the public authorities themselves, to engage them in a debate over the general rules governing relations in the basically privatized but publicly relevant sphere of commodity exchange and social labor.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere

Fonte: The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, 1963/1991, p. 27

“As historical and social beings we find ourselves always already in a linguistically structured lifeworld. In the forms of communication through which we reach an understanding with one another about something in the world and about ourselves, we encounter a transcending power. Language is not a kind of private property. No one possesses exclusive rights over the common medium of the communicative practices we must intersubjectively share. No single participant can control the structure, or even the course, of processes of reaching understanding and self-understanding. How speakers and hearers make use of their communicative freedom to take yes- or no-positions is not a matter of their subjective discretion. For they are free only in virtue of the binding force of the justifiable claims they raise towards one another. The logos of language embodies the power of the intersubjective, which precedes and grounds the subjectivity of speakers.”

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Jürgen Habermas

Habermas (2003) The Future of Human Nature. p. 10

“The only knowledge that can truly orient action is knowledge that frees itself from mere human interests and is based in Ideas—in other words knowledge that has taken a theoretical attitude.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro Knowledge and Human Interests

Fonte: Knowledge and Human Interests, 1971, p. 301

“The interpretation of a case is corroborated only by the successful continuation of a self-formative process, that is by the completion of self-reflection, and not in any unmistakable way by what the patient says or how he behaves”

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Jürgen Habermas livro Knowledge and Human Interests

Fonte: Knowledge and Human Interests, 1971, p. 266

“[According to Habermas, the genesis of the bourgeois public sphere resulted from a combination of early capitalist commercial development and the organization of territorial … Representative publicness involved a re-presenting or staging for the purposes of display and acclamation, hence] this publicness (or publicity) of representation was not constituted as a social realm, that is, as a public sphere; rather, it was something like a status attribute, if this term may be permitted.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere

Fonte: The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, 1963/1991, p. 7 as cited in: Benedetto Fontana, Cary J. Nederman, Gary Remer (2004) Talking Democracy: Historical Perspectives on Rhetoric and Democracy. p. 222

“Reaching and understanding is the process of bringing about an agreement on the presupposed basis of validity claims that are mutually recognized.”

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Jürgen Habermas

Fonte: On the Pragmatics of Communication, 1998, p. 23

“The usage of the words “public" and “public sphere” betrays a multiplicity of concurrent meanings. Their origins go back to various historical phases and, when applied synchronically to the conditions of a bourgeois society that is industrially advanced and constituted as a social-welfare state, they fuse into a clouded amalgam. Yet the very conditions that make the inherited language seem inappropriate appear to require these words, however confused their employment.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere

Fonte: The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, 1963/1991, p. 1 as cited in: Gandy, M (1997) "Ecology, modernity and the intellectual legacy of the Frankfurt School". In: Light, A and Smith, JM, (eds.) Space, Place and Environmental Ethics. p. 240

“The 'state' on the modern conception is a legally defined term which refers, at the level of substance, to a state power that possesses both internal and external sovereignty, at the spatial level over a clearly delimited terrain (the state territory) and at the social level over the totality of members (the body of citizens or the people). State power constitutes itself in the forms of positive law, and the people is the bearer of the legal order whose jurisdiction is restricted to the state territory. In political usage, the concepts 'nation' and 'people' have the same extension. But in addition to its legal definition, the term 'nation' has the connotation of a political community shaped by common descent, or at least by a common language, culture, and history. A people becomes a 'nation' in this historical sense only in the concrete form of a particular form of life.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro The Inclusion of the Other

Habermas (1998) The Inclusion of the Other: Studies in Political Theory. Ciaran Cronin and Pablo De Greiff, eds. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

“All affected can accept the consequences and the side effects that [the norm's] general observance can be anticipated to have for the satisfaction of everyone's interests, and the consequences are preferred to those of known alternative possibilities for regulation.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere

Fonte: The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, 1963/1991, p. 65

“What Kant regarded as a unique (Copernican) turn to transcendental reflection becomes in Hegel a general mechanism for turning consciousness back upon itself. This mechanism has been switched on and off time and time again in the development of spirit. As the subject becomes conscious of itself, it destroys one form of consciousness after another. This process epitomizes the subjective experience that what initially appears to the subject as a being in itself can become content only in the forms imparted to it by the subject. The transcendental philosopher’s experience is thus, according to Hegel, reenacted naively whenever an in-itself becomes a for-the-subject. What Hegel calls “Dialectical” is the reconstruction of this recurrent experience and of its assimilation by the subject, which gives rise to ever more complex structures. … Hegel, it should be noted, exposes himself to a criticism. … Reconstructing successive forms of consciousness is one thing. Proving the necessity of their succession is quite another.”

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Jürgen Habermas

Fonte: Moral Consciousness and Communicative Action (1983), p. 5

“The task of universal pragmatics is to identify and reconstruct universal conditions of possible mutual understanding.”

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Jürgen Habermas

Fonte: On the Pragmatics of Communication, 1998, p. 21

“I would in fact tend to have more confidence in the outcome of a democratic decision if there was a minority that voted against it, than if it was unanimous… Social psychology has amply shown the strength of this bandwagon effect.”

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Jürgen Habermas

Habermas (1993) "Further reflections on the public sphere", in: Craig Calhoun Eds. Habermas and the Public Sphere. MIT Press. p. 441

“Philosophy's position with regard to science, which at one time could be designated with the name "theory of knowledge," has been undermined by the movement of philosophical thought itself. Philosophy was dislodged from this position by philosophy.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro Knowledge and Human Interests

Fonte: Knowledge and Human Interests, 1971, p. 4

“As medium for reaching understanding, speech acts serve: a) to establish and renew interpersonal relations, whereby the speaker takes up a relation to something in the world of legitimate social orders; b) to represent states and events, whereby the speaker takes up a relation to something in the world of existing states of affairs; c) to manifest experiences that is, to represent oneself- whereby the speaker takes up a relation to something in the subjective world to which he has privileged access.”

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Jürgen Habermas livro The Theory of Communicative Action

Fonte: The Theory of Communicative Action, 1987, p. 308

“If we compare the third-person attitude of someone who simply says how things stand (this is the attitude of the scientist, for example) with the performative attitude of someone who tries to understand what is said to him (this is the attitude of the interpreter, for example), the implications … become clear. … First, interpreters relinquish superiority that observers have by virtue of their privileged position, in that they themselves are drawn, at least potentially, into negotiations about the meaning and validity of utterances. By taking part in communicative action, they accept in principle the same status as those whose utterances they are trying to understand. … It is impossible to decide a priori who is to learn from whom.”

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Jürgen Habermas

Fonte: Moral Consciousness and Communicative Action (1983), p. 26

“Subjects who reciprocally recognize each other as such, must consider each other as identical, insofar as they both take up the position of subject; they must at all times subsume themselves and the other under the same category. At the same time, the relation of reciprocity of recognition demands the non-identity of one and the other, both must also maintain their absolute difference, for to be a subject implies the claim of individuation.”

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Jürgen Habermas

Habermas (1972) "Sprachspiel, intention und Bedeutung. Zu Motiven bei Sellars und Wittgenstein". In R.W. Wiggerhaus (Ed.) Sprachanalyse and Soziologie. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp). p. 334
This is called the paradoxical achievement of intersubjectivity