Frases de Ludwig Wittgenstein
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Ludwig Joseph Johann Wittgenstein foi um filósofo austríaco, naturalizado britânico. Foi um dos principais autores da virada linguística na filosofia do século XX. Suas principais contribuições foram feitas nos campos da lógica, filosofia da linguagem, filosofia da matemática, e filosofia da mente. Muitos o consideram o filósofo mais importante do século passado.

Seu mais popular livro de filosofia publicado, o Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, de 1922, exerceu profunda influência no desenvolvimento do positivismo lógico. Mais tarde, as ideias por ele formuladas a partir de 1930, e difundidas em Cambridge e Oxford, também impulsionaram um outro movimento filosófico — a chamada "filosofia da linguagem comum".

Seu pensamento é geralmente dividido em duas fases. Para identificá-las, muitos autores recorrem ao artifício de atribuir os escritos da juventude ao Primeiro Wittgenstein e a obra posterior ao Segundo Wittgenstein, como se designassem autores distintos. A cada um desses períodos corresponde uma obra central na história da filosofia do século XX. À primeira fase, pertence o Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, livro em que Wittgenstein procura esclarecer as condições lógicas que o pensamento e a linguagem devem atender para poder representar o mundo. À segunda fase, pertencem as Investigações Filosóficas, publicadas postumamente, em 1953. Nesse livro, Wittgenstein trata de tópicos similares aos do Tractatus e avança sobre temas da filosofia da mente ao analisar conceitos como os de compreensão, intenção, dor, e vontade. Wikipedia  

✵ 26. Abril 1889 – 29. Abril 1951   •   Outros nomes Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein photo
Ludwig Wittgenstein: 258   citações 70   Curtidas

Ludwig Wittgenstein Frases famosas

“Filosofar é como tentar descobrir o segredo de um cofre: cada pequeno ajuste no mecanismo parece levar a nada. Apenas quando tudo entra no lugar a porta se abre.”

Philosophy is like trying to open a safe with a combination lock. Each little aajustment of the many dials seems to achieve nothing, only when all is in place does the door open.
Ludwig Wittgenstein, personal recollections - página 96, Rush Rhees, Editora Rowman and Littlefield, 1981, ISBN 0847662535, 9780847662531, 235 páginas

Citações de mundo de Ludwig Wittgenstein

“O que eu sei sobre Deus e o sentido da vida? Eu sei que este mundo existe”

Was weiß ich über Gott und den Zweck des Lebens ? Ich weiß, daß diese Welt ist.
Notebooks, 1914-1916 - página 72, Ludwig Wittgenstein, G. E. M. Anscombe, Georg Henrik Von Wright, Editores G. E. M. Anscombe, Georg Henrik Von Wright, Traduzido por G. E. M. Anscombe, Edição 2, ilustrada, Editora University of Chicago Press, 1984, ISBN 0226904474, 9780226904474, 234 páginas

“Eu sou meu mundo. (O microcosmos).”

5.63
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus

Citações de vida de Ludwig Wittgenstein

“Sentimos que, mesmo depois de serem respondidas todas as questões científicas possíveis, os problemas da vida permanecem completamente intactos”

Wir fühlen dass selbst, wenn alle möglichen wissenschaftlichen Fragen beantwortet sind, unsere Lebensprobleme noch gar nicht
citado em "Ludwig Wittgenstein: eine existenzielle Deutung"‎ - Página 58, Leo Adler - Karger Publishers, 1976, ISBN 3805523904, 9783805523905 - 110 páginas

“O Wittgenstein tardio… parece ter-se tornado cansado do pensamento sério e ter inventado uma doutrina que faria uma tal actividade desnecessária. Eu não acredito por um momento que a doutrina que tem estas consequências preguiçosas seja verdade. Compreendo, no entanto, que tenho um preconceito intensamente forte contra ele pois se é certo, filosofia é, na melhor das hipóteses, uma pequena ajuda para lexicógrafos e, na pior das hipóteses, um chá ocioso em mesa de diversão.”

The later Wittgenstein, on the contrary, seems to have grown tired of serious thinking and to have invented a doctrine which would make such an activity unnecessary. I do not for one moment believe that the doctrine which has these lazy consequences is true. I realize, however, that I have an overpoweringly strong bias against it, for, if it is true, philosophy is, at best, a slight help to lexicographers, and at worst, an idle tea-table amusement.
Bertrand Russell; My Philosophical Development http://www.archive.org/details/myphilosophicald001521mbp
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, De terceiros sobre Wittgenstein

Ludwig Wittgenstein frases e citações

“Filosofia é a batalha entre o encanto de nossa inteligência mediante a linguagem.”

Die Philosophie ist ein Kampf gegen die Verhexung unsres Verstandes durch die Mittel unserer Sprache.
Philosophical investigations, Parte 1 - página 47, Volume 1 de Wittgenstein's works, Ludwig Wittgenstein, 3a. ed., Editora B. Blackwell, 1953, 464 páginas

Ludwig Wittgenstein: Frases em inglês

“If I cannot say a priori what elementary propositions there are, then the attempt to do so must lead to obvious nonsense.”

5.5571
Original German: Wenn ich die Elementarsätze nicht a priori angeben kann, dann muss es zu offenbarem Unsinn führen, sie angeben zu wollen.
1920s, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1922)

“The world is my world: this is manifest in the fact that the limits of language (of that language which alone I understand) mean the limits of my world.”

1920s, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1922)
Contexto: This remark provides the key to the problem, how much truth there is in solipsism. For what the solipsist means is quite correct; only it cannot be said, but makes itself manifest. The world is my world: this is manifest in the fact that the limits of language (of that language which alone I understand) mean the limits of my world. (5.62)

“What has to be overcome is not difficulty of the intellect but of the will.”

Fonte: 1930s-1951, Philosophical Occasions 1912-1951 (1993), Ch. 9 : Philosophy (chapters 86–93 of the so called Big Typescript), p. 161
Corresponding to TS 213, Kapitel 86
Contexto: What makes a subject difficult to understand — if it is significant, important — is not that some special instruction about abstruse things is necessary to understand it. Rather it is the contrast between the understanding of the subject and what most people want to see. Because of this the very things that are most obvious can become the most difficult to understand. What has to be overcome is not difficulty of the intellect but of the will. [Nicht eine Schwierigkeit des Verstandes, sondern des Willens ist zu überwinden. ]

“All testing, all confirmation and disconfirmation of a hypothesis takes place already within a system.”

Ludwig Wittgenstein livro On Certainty

On Certainty (1969)
Contexto: 105. All testing, all confirmation and disconfirmation of a hypothesis takes place already within a system. And this system is not a more or less arbitrary and doubtful point of departure for all our arguments; no it belongs to the essence of what we call an argument. The system is not so much the point of departure, as the element in which our arguments have their life.

“One would like to say: This is what took place here; laugh, if you can.”

Fonte: 1930s-1951, Philosophical Occasions 1912-1951 (1993), Ch. 7 : Remarks on Frazer's Golden Bough, p. 123
Contexto: A religious symbol does not rest on any opinion. And error belongs only with opinion. One would like to say: This is what took place here; laugh, if you can.

“The world is the totality of facts, not things.”

1.1
Original German: Die Welt ist die Gesamtheit der Tatsachen, nicht der Dinge
1920s, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1922)

“A hero looks death in the face, real death, not just the image of death.”

Fonte: Culture and Value (1980), p. 50e
Contexto: A hero looks death in the face, real death, not just the image of death. Behaving honourably in a crisis doesn't mean being able to act the part of a hero well, as in the theatre, it means being able to look death itself in the eye.
For an actor may play lots of different roles, but at the end of it all he himself, the human being, is the one who has to die.

“The system is not so much the point of departure, as the element in which our arguments have their life.”

Ludwig Wittgenstein livro On Certainty

On Certainty (1969)
Contexto: 105. All testing, all confirmation and disconfirmation of a hypothesis takes place already within a system. And this system is not a more or less arbitrary and doubtful point of departure for all our arguments; no it belongs to the essence of what we call an argument. The system is not so much the point of departure, as the element in which our arguments have their life.

“Man has to awaken to wonder — and so perhaps do peoples.”

Fonte: Culture and Value (1980), p. 5e
Contexto: Man has to awaken to wonder — and so perhaps do peoples. Science is a way of sending him to sleep again.

“The arrow points only in the application that a living being makes of it.”

Ludwig Wittgenstein livro Philosophical Investigations

§ 454
Philosophical Investigations (1953)
Contexto: "Everything is already there in...." How does it come about that [an] arrow points? Doesn't it seem to carry in it something besides itself? — "No, not the dead line on paper; only the psychical thing, the meaning, can do that." — That is both true and false. The arrow points only in the application that a living being makes of it.

“Frazer is much more savage than most of his savages, for they are not as far removed from the understanding of spiritual matter as a twentieth-century Englishman.”

Fonte: 1930s-1951, Philosophical Occasions 1912-1951 (1993), Ch. 7 : Remarks on Frazer's Golden Bough, p. 131
Contexto: Frazer is much more savage than most of his savages, for they are not as far removed from the understanding of spiritual matter as a twentieth-century Englishman. His explanations of primitive practices are much cruder than the meaning of these practices themselves.

“What stands fast does so, not because it is intrinsically obvious or convincing; it is rather held fast by what lies around it.”

Ludwig Wittgenstein livro On Certainty

On Certainty (1969)
Contexto: 144. The child learns to believe a host of things. I. e. it learns to act according to these beliefs. Bit by bit there forms a system of what is believed, and in that system some things stand unshakeably fast and some are more or less liable to shift. What stands fast does so, not because it is intrinsically obvious or convincing; it is rather held fast by what lies around it.

“To pray is to think about the meaning of life.”

Journal entry (11 June 1916), p. 72e and 73e
1910s, Notebooks 1914-1916
Contexto: What do I know about God and the purpose of life?
I know that this world exists.
That I am placed in it like my eye in its visual field.
That something about it is problematic, which we call its meaning.
This meaning does not lie in it but outside of it.
That life is the world.
That my will penetrates the world.
That my will is good or evil.
Therefore that good and evil are somehow connected with the meaning of the world.
The meaning of life, i. e. the meaning of the world, we can call God.
And connect with this the comparison of God to a father.
To pray is to think about the meaning of life.

“Translated: Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.”

Ludwig Wittgenstein livro Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus

7
Wovon man nicht sprechen kann, darüber muss man schweigen.
Also: About what one can not speak, one must remain silent. (7)
Fonte: 1920s, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1922)

“I am my world.”

The microcosm.
5.63
Original German: Ich bin meine welt (Der Mikrokosmos.)
1910s, Notebooks 1914-1916
Variante: Man is the microcosm:
I am my world.

“If people did not sometimes do silly things, nothing intelligent would ever get done.”

Variante: If people never did silly things nothing intelligent would ever get done.
Fonte: Culture and Value (1980), p. 50e

“The problems are solved, not by giving new information, but by arranging what we have known since long.”

Ludwig Wittgenstein livro Philosophical Investigations

Fonte: Philosophical Investigations

“Philosophy is a battle against the bewitchment of our intelligence by means of our language.”

Ludwig Wittgenstein livro Philosophical Investigations

Die Philosophie ist ein Kampf gegen die Verhexung unsres Verstandes durch die Mittel unserer Sprache.
§ 109
Fonte: Philosophical Investigations (1953)