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Jefferson Finis Davis foi um estadista norte-americano e Presidente dos Estados Confederados da América durante a Guerra Civil Americana.

Davis nasceu no Kentucky e cresceu nas plantações do Mississippi e da Luisiana. Formou-se na Academia Militar de West Point e combateu na Guerra Mexicano-Americana como coronel de um regimento de voluntários. Prestou serviço como Secretário de Guerra dos Estados Unidos sob a liderança do Presidente democrata Franklin Pierce, e serviu como senador pelo estado do Mississipi. A sua plantação no Mississipi dependia do trabalho escravo, como a maioria das plantações do Sul. Como senador, era contra a secessão inicialmente, mas concordava em que cada estado era soberano e tinha o direito indiscutível de se separar da União. Davis perdeu a sua primeira esposa, que morreu vitima de malária, três meses depois de se casar, e por pouco também não morreu. Com a segunda mulher, teve seis filhos, mas apenas dois morreram depois dele. Durante toda a sua vida sofreu com uma saúde fraca.

Como Presidente dos Estados Confederados da América, desde o seu início em 1861, até ao seu final em 1865, Davis foi responsável pelos planos de guerra dos confederados, mas foi incapaz de elaborar uma estratégia que parasse o avanço, mais forte e organizado, da União. Os seus esforços diplomáticos fracassaram, com seu governo não sendo reconhecido por qualquer país estrangeiro. Em termos domésticos, não prestou muita atenção ao colapso da economia confederada; sua administração cada vez mais emitia dinheiro para fazer face às despesas de guerra, originando uma inflação crescente.Os historiadores tendem a justificar as fraquezas e deficiências da Confederação no Presidente Davis. A sua preocupação com detalhes, relutância em delegar responsabilidades, imagem fraca junto do público, relacionamento ruim com políticos e generais, favoritismo em relação a antigos amigos, incapacidade para se relacionar com quem discordasse dele, negligência de assuntos de natureza civil favorecendo os militares, e uma tendência para não saber lidar com a opinião pública, foram fatos que não o ajudaram na sua gestão. Davis é descrito como um líder militar muito menos eficiente que o seu homólogo da União, Abraham Lincoln.Depois de Davis ter sido capturado em 1865, foi acusado de traição, mas não foi julgado, e acabou libertado dois anos depois; Embora não tenha ficado totalmente mal visto, Davis deixou de fazer parte das amizades do líder sulista, general Robert E. Lee. Mesmo assim, muitos sulistas simpatizavam com o seu espírito desafiador, recusa em aceitar uma derrota e resistência à Reconstrução. Com o passar do tempo, a admiração pelo seu orgulho e pelos seus ideais, fizeram dele um herói da Guerra Civil para muitos sulistas, e o seu legado tornou-se parte da fundação do pós-guerra do "Novo Sul". Davis escreveu um memorial intitulado The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, o qual terminou em 1881, e que também ajudou a restaurar a sua reputação. No final da década de 1880, deu início a uma acão de reconciliação dizendo aos sulistas para serem leais à União. Em meados de Novembro de 1889, a sua saúde começou a piorar, e morreu no início de Dezembro, em Nova Orleães, aos 81 anos de idade. Wikipedia  

✵ 3. Junho 1808 – 6. Dezembro 1889
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Jefferson Davis: 45   citações 0   Curtidas

Jefferson Davis frases e citações

Jefferson Davis: Frases em inglês

“We recognize the fact of the inferiority stamped upon that race of men by the Creator, and from the cradle to the grave, our Government, as a civil institution, marks that inferiority.”

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Jefferson Davis

Reply in the Senate to William H. Seward (29 February 1860), Senate Chamber, U.S. Capitol. As quoted in The Papers of Jefferson Davis, Volume 6, pp. 277–84. Transcribed from the Congressional Globe, 36th Congress, 1st Session, pp. 916–18.
1860s

“I think Stone Mountain is amusing, but then again I find most representations of Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson outside of Virginia, and, in Jackson's case, West Virginia, to be amusing. Aside from a short period in 1861-62, when Lee was placed in charge of the coastal defense of South Carolina and Georgia, neither general stepped foot in Georgia during the war. Lee cut off furloughs to Georgia's soldiers later in the war because he was convinced that once home they’d never come back. He resisted the dispatch of James Longstreet's two divisions westward to defend northern Georgia, and he had no answer when Sherman operated in the state. It would be better to see Joseph E. Johnston and John Bell Hood on the mountain, although it probably would have been difficult to get those two men to ride together. Maybe Braxton Bragg would have been a better pick, but no one calls him the hero of Chickamauga. Yet Bragg, Johnston, and Hood all attempted to defend Georgia, and they are ignored on Stone Mountain. So is Joe Wheeler, whose cavalry feasted off Georgians in 1864. So is John B. Gordon, wartime hero and postwar Klansman. Given Stone Mountain's history, Klansman Gordon would have been a good choice. It's also amusing to see Jefferson Davis represented. Yes, Davis came to Georgia, once to try to settle disputes within the high command of the Army of Tennessee, not a rousing success, and once to rally white Georgians to the cause once more after the fall of Atlanta. But any serious student of the war knows that Davis spent much of his presidency arguing with Georgia governor Joseph Brown about Georgia's contribution to the Confederate war effort, and that the vice president of the Confederacy, Georgia's own Alexander Hamilton Stephens, was not a big supporter of his superior. Yet we don't see Brown or Stephens on Stone Mountain, either.”

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Jefferson Davis

Brooks D. Simpson, "The Future of Stone Mountain" https://cwcrossroads.wordpress.com/2015/07/22/the-future-of-stone-mountain/ (22 July 2015), Crossroads, WordPress

“A government, to afford the needful protection and exercise proper care for the welfare of a people, must have homogeneity in its constituents. It is this necessity which has divided the human race into separate nations, and finally has defeated the grandest efforts which conquerors have made to give unlimited extent to their domain.”

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Jefferson Davis livro The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government

The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government

“They will hang Jeff Davis to a sour apple tree!”

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Jefferson Davis

"John Brown's Body" http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/scsmhtml/scsmhome.html (1861)

“I will admit no bond that holds me to a party a day longer than I agree to its principles. When men meet together to confer, and ascertain whether or not they do agree, and find that they differ – radically, essentially, irreconcilably differ – what belongs to an honorable position except to part? They cannot consistently act together any longer.”

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Jefferson Davis

Reply in the Senate to a speech of Senator Douglas, May 1860.
1860s

“Unfortunately, the opinion has gone forth that no politician dares to be the advocate of peace when the question of war is mooted. That will be an evil hour — the sand of our republic will be nearly run — when it shall be in the power of any demagogue, or fanatic, to raise a war-clamor, and control the legislation of the country. The evils of war must fall upon the people, and with them the war-feeling should originate. We, their representatives, are but a mirror to reflect the light, and never should become a torch to fire the pile.”

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Jefferson Davis

Speech in Congress, 1846.
1840s

“…How idle is this prating about natural rights as though still containing all that had been forfeited.”

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Jefferson Davis

1860, Senate debate.
1860s

“If the Confederacy falls, there should be written on its tombstone: Died of a theory.”

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Jefferson Davis livro The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government

The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, quoting a remark he had made in 1864.
1860s

“Julia Hayden, the colored school teacher, one of the latest victims of the White man's League, was only seventeen years of age. She was the daughter of respectable parents in Maury County, Tennessee, and had been carefully educated at the Central College, Nashville, a favorite place for the instruction of youth of both sexes of her race. She is said to have possessed unusual personal attractions as well as intelligence. Under the reign of slavery as it is defined and upheld by Davis and Toombs, Julia Hayden would probably have been taken from her parents and sent in a slave coffle to New Orleans to be sold on its auction block. But emancipation had prepared for her a different and less dreadful fate. With that strong desire for mental cultivation which marked the colored race since their freedom, in all circumstances where there is an opportunity left them for its exhibition, the young girl had so improved herself as to become capable of teaching others. She went to Western Tennessee and took charge of a school. Three days after her arrival at Hartsville, at night, two white men, armed with their guns, appeared at the house where she was staying, and demanded the school teacher. She fled, alarmed, to the room of the mistress of the house. The White Leaguers pursued. They fired their guns I through the floor of the room and the young girl fell dead within. Her murderers escaped.”

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Jefferson Davis

"Louisiana and the Rule of Terror" http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=EL18741010.2.9#, The Elevator (10 October 1874), Volume 10, Number 26.

“I rise, Mr. President, for the purpose of announcing to the Senate that I have satisfactory evidence that the State of Mississippi, by a solemn ordinance of her people in convention assembled, has declared her separation from the United States. Under these circumstances, of course, my functions are terminated here. It has seemed to me proper, however, that I should appear in the Senate to announce that fact to my associates, and I will say but very little more. The occasion does not invite me to go into argument, and my physical condition would not permit me to do so if it were otherwise; and yet it seems to become me to say something on the part of the state I here represent, on an occasion so solemn as this.”

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Jefferson Davis

1860s, Speech before the U.S. Senate (1861)

“It would grant me much relief to learn your sons were engaged matrimonially to other white men if I was previously faced with the spectre of those same sons wedding negro women, slave or free, and siring negro sons that could presume to claim inheritance of your namesakes and property, or worse, equality with your purer grandchildren.”

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Jefferson Davis

1860, Senate debate on legal status of interracial relationships.
1860s

“The spirit of Jefferson Davis lives!”

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Jefferson Davis

Trent Lott, speech before the Sons of Confederate Veterans (1984), as quoted in The Ku Klux Klan in Mississippi http://www.pdfarchive.info/pdf/N/Ne/Newton_Michael_-_The_Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Mississippi.pdf, by Michael Newton, p. 195.

“The organization of federal units of black soldiers, comprised of both escaped slaves and free men, was taken as an outrage. It struck a raw nerve, never far off in the southern psyche. Fear of a slave insurrection. The prospect of African American men in blue uniforms was taken as an extreme provocation, so much so that it was proposed in the Confederate congress, and endorsed by General Beauregard, the hero of Fort Sumter, that all Federals captured, black or white, should be summarily executed. This proposal was never adopted, but the Confederate congress did eventually pass, in May 1863, a proclamation instructing President Jefferson Davis to exercise 'full and ample retaliation' against the north for arming black soldiers. Finally, there was simple revenge. The Union army's shelling of Fredericksburg several months before had been a particular sore point, that festered for months as the Confederate army went into winter quarters nearby. One officer, determined to fix the destruction there in his mind's eye, made a special visit to that town one last time before setting out on the road north into Maryland and Pennsylvania.”

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Jefferson Davis

Andy Hall, "We have received provocation enough..." http://deadconfederates.com/2013/07/01/we-have-received-provocation-enough/ (1 July 2013), Dead Confederates: A Civil War Era Blog.

“Mosby, Rhett, Davis, Stephens, and other Confederates had no difficulty conceding what their descendants go to enormous lengths to deny, that the raison d'être of the Confederacy was the defense of slavery. It follows that, as the paramount symbol of the Confederate nation and as the flag of the armies that kept the nation alive, the St. Andrew's cross is inherently associated with slavery. This conclusion is valid whether or not secession was constitutional. It is valid whether or not most southern soldiers consciously fought to preserve slavery. It is valid even though racism and segregation prevailed among nineteenth-century white northerners.”

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Jefferson Davis

John M. Coski, The Confederate Battle Flag: America's Most Embattled Emblem https://archive.is/jcaoZ (2006).