Frases de Étienne de La Boétie

Étienne de La Boétie foi um humanista e filósofo francês, contemporâneo e amigo de Michel de Montaigne . Poucos anos antes de morrer, aos 32 anos, Étienne de La Boétie deixou em testamento seus escritos a Montaigne, o qual, mais tarde, destacou os méritos nos Ensaios e em várias cartas, apontando este autor como um importante homem daquele século.Traduções de obras clássicas greco-romanas eram comuns entre os studia humanitatis, por isso entre os trabalhos de Étienne de La Boétie estão as traduções do grego para o francês de obras de Xenofonte e Plutarco - Étienne escreveu também algumas obras originais, a sua obra mais famosa é seu Discurso da Servidão Voluntária, escrita no século XVI, depois da derrota do povo francês contra o exército e fiscais do rei, que estabeleceram um novo imposto sobre o sal. A obra se mostra como uma espécie de hino à liberdade, com questionamentos sobre as causas da dominação de muitos por poucos, da indignação da opressão e das formas como vence-las. Já no título aparece a contradição do termo servidão voluntária, pois como se pode servir de forma voluntária, isto é, sacrificando a própria liberdade de espontânea vontade? Na obra, o autor pergunta-se sobre a possibilidade de cidades inteiras submeterem-se a vontade de um só. De onde um só tira o poder para controlar todos? Isso só poderia acontecer mediante uma espécie de servidão voluntária. Ele afirma então que são os próprios homens que se fazem dominar, pois, caso quisessem sua liberdade de volta, precisariam apenas de se rebelar para consegui-la. Étienne afirma que é possível resistir à opressão, e ainda por cima sem recorrer à violência - segundo ele a tirania se destrói sozinha quando os indivíduos se recusam a consentir com sua própria escravidão. Como a autoridade constrói seu poder principalmente com a obediência consentida dos oprimidos, uma estratégia de resistência sem violência é possível, organizando coletivamente a recusa de obedecer ou colaborar. Wikipedia  

✵ 1. Novembro 1530 – 18. Agosto 1563
Étienne de La Boétie photo

Obras

Étienne de La Boétie: 18   citações 16   Curtidas

Étienne de La Boétie Frases famosas

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“A primeira razão da servidão voluntária é o hábito: provam-no os cavalos sem rabo que no princípio mordem o freio e acabam depois por brincar com ele; e os mesmos que se rebelavam contra a sela acabam por aceitar a albarda e usam muito ufanos e vaidosos os arreios que os apertam.”

Discurso Sobre a Servidão Voluntária, Étienne de La Boétie, Página 16 http://www.culturabrasil.org/zip/boetie.pdf, LCC – verão de 2004 - 30 Páginas.
"la premiere raison de la servitude volontaire, c'est la coustume: comme des plus braues courtaus, qui au commencement mordent le frein & puis s'en iouent, & là où n’a guerres ruoient contre la selle, ils se parent maintenant dans les harnois & tous fiers se gorgiasent soubs la barde."
Œuvres complètes d’Estienne de La Boétie, Discours de la Servitude volontaire, Página 29 https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Page%3ALa_Bo%C3%A9tie_-_%C5%92uvres_compl%C3%A8tes_Bonnefon_1892.djvu/114, Auteur Estienne de La Boétie, Éditeur Paul Bonnefon - G Gounouilhou, 1892 - 444 páginas.
Discurso Da Servidão Voluntária

“Uma coisa é certa, porém: os homens, enquanto neles houver algo de humano, só se deixam subjugar se foram forçados ou enganados.”

Discurso Sobre a Servidão Voluntária, Étienne de La Boétie, Página 12 http://www.culturabrasil.org/zip/boetie.pdf, LCC – verão de 2004 - 30 Páginas.
"Mais certes tous les hommes, tant qu'ils ont quelque chose d’homme, deuant qu’ils se laissent assuietir, il faut l’un des deus, qu’ils soient contrains ou deceus."
Œuvres complètes d’Estienne de La Boétie, Discours de la Servitude volontaire, Página 21 https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Page%3ALa_Bo%C3%A9tie_-_%C5%92uvres_compl%C3%A8tes_Bonnefon_1892.djvu/106, Auteur Estienne de La Boétie, Éditeur Paul Bonnefon - G Gounouilhou, 1892 - 444 páginas.
Discurso Da Servidão Voluntária

“Há três espécies de tiranos. Refiro-me aos maus príncipes. Chegam uns ao poder por eleição do povo, outros por força das armas, outros sucedendo aos da sua raça. Os que chegam ao poder pelo direito da guerra portam-se como quem pisa terra conquistada. Os que nascem reis, as mais das vezes, não são melhores; nascidos e criados no sangue da tirania, tratam os povos em quem mandam como se fossem seus servos hereditários; e, consoante a compleição a que são mais atreitos, avaros ou pródigos, assim fazem do reino o que fazem com outra herança qualquer. Aquele a quem o povo deu o Estado deveria ser mais suportável; e sê-lo-ia a meu ver, se, desde o momento em que se vê colocado em altos postos e tomando o gosto à chamada grandeza, não decidisse ocupá-los para todo o sempre. O que geralmente acontece é tudo fazerem para transmitirem aos filhos o poder que o povo lhes concedeu. E, tão depressa tomam essa decisão, por estranho que pareça, ultrapassam em vício e até em crueldade os outros tiranos; para conservarem a nova tirania, não acham melhor meio do que aumentar a servidão e afastar tanto dos súditos a ideia de liberdade que eles, tendo embora a memória fresca, começam a esquecer-se dela.”

Discurso Sobre a Servidão Voluntária, Étienne de La Boétie, Página 11 http://www.culturabrasil.org/zip/boetie.pdf, LCC – verão de 2004 - 30 Páginas.
"Il y a trois sortes de tirans : les uns ont le roiaume par election du peuple, les autres par la force des armes, les autres par succession de leur race. Ceus qui les ont acquis par le droit de la guerre, ils s'y portent ainsi qu’on connoit bien qu’ils sont (comme l’on dit) en terre de conqueste. Ceus la qui naissent rois ne font pas communement gueres meilleurs, ains estans nes & nourris dans le sein de la tirannie, tirent auec le lait la nature du tiran, & font estat des peuples qui sont soubs eus comme de leurs serfs hereditaires; &, selon la complexion à laquelle ils sont plus enclins, auares ou prodigues, tels qu’ils sont, ils sont du royaume comme de leur héritage. Celui à qui le peuple a donné l’estat .deuroit estre, ce me semble,' plus supportable, & le seroit, comme ie croy, n’estoit que deslors qu’il fe voit esleué par dessus les autres, Hatté par ie ne fçay quoy qu’on appelle la grandeur, il delibere de n’en bouger point : communement celui là fait estat de rendre à fes enfans la puissance que le peuple lui a baillé; & deslors que ceus là ont pris ceste opinion, c’est chose estrange de combien ils passent, en toutes sortes de vices & mesmes en la cruauté, les autres tirans, .ne voians autre moien pour asseurer la nouuelle tirannie que d’estreindre si fort la seruitude & estranger tant leurs subiects de la liberté, qu’ancore que la memoire en soit fresche, ils la leur puissent faire perdre."
Œuvres complètes d’Estienne de La Boétie, Discours de la Servitude volontaire, Página 19- https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Page%3ALa_Bo%C3%A9tie_-_%C5%92uvres_compl%C3%A8tes_Bonnefon_1892.djvu/104 20 https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:La_Bo%C3%A9tie_-_%C5%92uvres_compl%C3%A8tes_Bonnefon_1892.djvu/105, Auteur Estienne de La Boétie, Éditeur Paul Bonnefon - G Gounouilhou, 1892 - 444 páginas.
Discurso Da Servidão Voluntária

Étienne de La Boétie: Frases em inglês

“The fundamental political question is why do people obey a government. The answer is that they tend to enslave themselves, to let themselves be governed by tyrants. Freedom from servitude comes not from violent action, but from the refusal to serve. Tyrants fall when the people withdraw their support.”

This quote is a paraphrase of the contents of the first chapter of Discourse on Voluntary Servitude. The quote appears in an edition titled Politics of Obedience: The Discourse of Voluntary Servitude edited by Murray Rothbard and Harry Kurz (1975), p. 39 http://books.google.com/books?id=6o-8P3iqf7IC&pg=PA39
Disputed

“Poor, wretched, and stupid peoples, nations determined on your own misfortune and blind to your own good! You let yourselves be deprived before your own eyes of the best part of your revenues; your fields are plundered, your homes robbed, your family heirlooms taken away. You live in such a way that you cannot claim a single thing as your own; and it would seem that you consider yourselves lucky to be loaned your property, your families, and your very lives.”

Étienne de La Boétie livro Discourse on Voluntary Servitude

Discourse on Voluntary Servitude (1548)
Contexto: Poor, wretched, and stupid peoples, nations determined on your own misfortune and blind to your own good! You let yourselves be deprived before your own eyes of the best part of your revenues; your fields are plundered, your homes robbed, your family heirlooms taken away. You live in such a way that you cannot claim a single thing as your own; and it would seem that you consider yourselves lucky to be loaned your property, your families, and your very lives. All this havoc, this misfortune, this ruin, descends upon you not from alien foes, but from the one enemy whom you yourselves render as powerful as he is, for whom you go bravely to war, for whose greatness you do not refuse to offer your own bodies unto death. He who thus domineers over you has only two eyes, only two hands, only one body, no more than is possessed by the least man among the infinite numbers dwelling in your cities; he has indeed nothing more than the power that you confer upon him to destroy you. Where has he acquired enough eyes to spy upon you, if you do not provide them yourselves? How can he have so many arms to beat you with, if he does not borrow them from you? The feet that trample down your cities, where does he get them if they are not your own? How does he have any power over you except through you? How would he dare assail you if he had no cooperation from you? What could he do to you if you yourselves did not connive with the thief who plunders you, if you were not accomplices of the murderer who kills you, if you were not traitors to yourselves? You sow your crops in order that he may ravage them, you install and furnish your homes to give him goods to pillage; you rear your daughters that he may gratify his lust; you bring up your children in order that he may confer upon them the greatest privilege he knows — to be led into his battles, to be delivered to butchery, to be made the servants of his greed and the instruments of his vengeance; you yield your bodies unto hard labor in order that he may indulge in his delights and wallow in his filthy pleasures; you weaken yourselves in order to make him the stronger and the mightier to hold you in check.

“Where has he acquired enough eyes to spy upon you, if you do not provide them yourselves? How can he have so many arms to beat you with, if he does not borrow them from you?”

Étienne de La Boétie livro Discourse on Voluntary Servitude

Discourse on Voluntary Servitude (1548)
Contexto: Poor, wretched, and stupid peoples, nations determined on your own misfortune and blind to your own good! You let yourselves be deprived before your own eyes of the best part of your revenues; your fields are plundered, your homes robbed, your family heirlooms taken away. You live in such a way that you cannot claim a single thing as your own; and it would seem that you consider yourselves lucky to be loaned your property, your families, and your very lives. All this havoc, this misfortune, this ruin, descends upon you not from alien foes, but from the one enemy whom you yourselves render as powerful as he is, for whom you go bravely to war, for whose greatness you do not refuse to offer your own bodies unto death. He who thus domineers over you has only two eyes, only two hands, only one body, no more than is possessed by the least man among the infinite numbers dwelling in your cities; he has indeed nothing more than the power that you confer upon him to destroy you. Where has he acquired enough eyes to spy upon you, if you do not provide them yourselves? How can he have so many arms to beat you with, if he does not borrow them from you? The feet that trample down your cities, where does he get them if they are not your own? How does he have any power over you except through you? How would he dare assail you if he had no cooperation from you? What could he do to you if you yourselves did not connive with the thief who plunders you, if you were not accomplices of the murderer who kills you, if you were not traitors to yourselves? You sow your crops in order that he may ravage them, you install and furnish your homes to give him goods to pillage; you rear your daughters that he may gratify his lust; you bring up your children in order that he may confer upon them the greatest privilege he knows — to be led into his battles, to be delivered to butchery, to be made the servants of his greed and the instruments of his vengeance; you yield your bodies unto hard labor in order that he may indulge in his delights and wallow in his filthy pleasures; you weaken yourselves in order to make him the stronger and the mightier to hold you in check.

“Men accept servility in order to acquire wealth; as if they could acquire anything of their own when they cannot even assert that they belong to themselves.”

Étienne de La Boétie livro Discourse on Voluntary Servitude

Ils veulent servir pour amasser des biens: comme s'ils pouvaient rien gagner qui fût à eux, puisqu'ils ne peuvent même pas dire qu'ils sont à eux-mêmes.
Part 3
Discourse on Voluntary Servitude (1548)

“From all these indignities, such as the very beasts of the field would not endure, you can deliver yourselves if you try, not by taking action, but merely by willing to be free.”

Étienne de La Boétie livro Discourse on Voluntary Servitude

Et de tant d'indignités que les bêtes elles-mêmes ne supporteraient pas si elles les sentaient, vous pourriez vous délivrer si vous essayiez, même pas de vous délivrer, seulement de le vouloir.
Discourse on Voluntary Servitude (1548)

“Resolve to serve no more, and you are at once freed. I do not ask that you place hands upon the tyrant to topple him over, but simply that you support him no longer; then you will behold him, like a great Colossus whose pedestal has been pulled away, fall of his own weight and break in pieces.”

Étienne de La Boétie livro Discourse on Voluntary Servitude

Soyez résolus à ne plus servir, et vous voilà libres. Je ne vous demande pas de le pousser, de l'ébranler, mais seulement de ne plus le soutenir, et vous le verrez, tel un grand colosse dont on a brisé la base, fondre sous son poids et se rompre.
Discourse on Voluntary Servitude (1548)

“Friendship … receives its real sustenance from an equality that, to proceed without a limp, must have its two limbs equal.”

Étienne de La Boétie livro Discourse on Voluntary Servitude

Part 3
Discourse on Voluntary Servitude (1548)

“Friendship … flourishes not so much by kindnesses as by sincerity.”

Étienne de La Boétie livro Discourse on Voluntary Servitude

Part 3
Discourse on Voluntary Servitude (1548)