Frases de Abdullah Öcalan

Abdullah Öcalan , também conhecido por Apo , é um teórico político de esquerda curdo de nacionalidade turca, preso político, um dos membros fundadores do Partido dos Trabalhadores do Curdistão e o criador do confederalismo democrático. Com base em um programa político que reivindica um Curdistão unificado, independente e socialista.

Öcalan ajudou a fundar o PKK em 1978, levando a organização a iniciar uma extensa luta armada em 1984 contra a Turquia, antes de propor várias tréguas durante a década seguinte. Ainda assim, o partido é considerado uma organização terrorista, entre outros, pela Turquia, pelos Estados Unidos e pela União Europeia. Nos anos iniciais do PKK, teve um estilo de liderança muitas vezes violento, e muitos de seus oponentes no PKK foram mortos por ordem dele. Na década de 1990, onde liderou o PKK na maior parte do tempo na Síria, Öcalan abandonou suas demandas maximalistas em prol de uma solução política pacífica e democrática para a questão curda.Depois de ser forçado a deixar o território sírio, Öcalan foi sequestrado em Nairóbi em 1999 pela Agência Nacional de Inteligência da Turquia , com o apoio da CIA e dos serviços secretos israelenses, e levado para a Turquia, onde foi preso, julgado e condenado à morte por terrorismo nos termos do artigo 125 do Código Penal Turco, que diz respeito à formação de organizações armadas. No entanto, a sentença foi comutada para prisão perpétua quando a Turquia aboliu a pena de morte. De 1999 a 2009, ele foi o único prisioneiro na ilha de İmralı, no mar de Mármara. Em 2008, seus advogados e a Anistia Internacional relatam tortura contra ele pelos guardas. O regime prisional de Öcalan oscila entre longos períodos de isolamento, durante os quais ele não tem permissão de entrar em contato com o mundo exterior, e períodos em que ele recebe visitas. Em 2012, ele esteve envolvido em negociações com o governo turco que levaram ao processo de paz curdo-turco.

Da prisão, Öcalan publicou vários livros e, a partir da leitura de obras do pensador libertário socialista Murray Bookchin, desenvolveu a ideia do confederalismo democrático, teorizando uma sociedade federalista e comunalista fora das estruturas estatais, onde a democracia direta, o ecologismo e o igualdade de gênero estão ligados. A filosofia de Öcalan acerca do confederalismo democrático foi uma forte influência nas estruturas políticas de Rojava, uma região sociedade autônoma formada na Síria durante a guerra civil no país então sob controle do Partido da União Democrática , uma organização próxima ao PKK. A jineologia, também conhecida como ciência das mulheres, é uma forma de feminismo defendida por Öcalan e, posteriormente, um princípio fundamental da União das Comunidades do Curdistão. Wikipedia  

✵ 4. Abril 1949
Abdullah Öcalan: 25   citações 0   Curtidas

Abdullah Öcalan: Frases em inglês

“Every ideology and mode of belief can, if true, implement itself by using the resources of technology and above all those of the media without having to resort to violence. In other words, violence has become unnecessary. In fact things have got to the point where violence cannot be afforded.”

Translation of his defense testimony at his 1999 trial http://web.archive.org/20020203190623/www.geocities.com/kurdifi/ocelan.html.
Contexto: Every ideology and mode of belief can, if true, implement itself by using the resources of technology and above all those of the media without having to resort to violence. In other words, violence has become unnecessary. In fact things have got to the point where violence cannot be afforded. The rich variety of institutions and practices the democratic system offers is built on this social and scientific-technological development, and whatever problem it tackles, it offers a certain solution. It itself is the solution.
To go through the examples, the solution to religious wars is secularism. Here the standard and the implementation involve taking the approach that everyone is free to follow their religious beliefs and democratic criteria will apply to all of them. Democracy offers definite freedom of belief and this is the antidote to religious wars.
Again the same applies to the fields of thought and ideology. There is freedom of thought and conviction. It is allowed to work as one wants and implement one's beliefs as long as one does not infringe the rights of others in this respect. This also applies to political ideas and their expression in the form of parties. As long as it adheres to the democratic system and its state structure, every party can offer a solution without resorting to violence. There is no question here of either imposing a religion by force or breaking and shattering the structure of the state. Religion, thought and the parties based on them know to meet the standards of the democratic system of the state because they are based on them. If they don't know how to do this, then democracy gets the right to defend itself.
It is clear here that regardless of the social group they are based on (which might be a nation or an ethnic or religious group), beliefs, ideas and the parties through which they are expressed cannot, in the name of these beliefs and ideas, force the limits on which the state is based. There is no need for this, because it will render the problem they claim to be solving even worse. Consequently, there is no need for it, and, in any case, there are solutions within the system. These are the democratic rights of those groups. They are their freedoms of belief and thought. They are the parties. They are all types of coalitions. In the area of language and culture, the democratic solution is even more striking. This is the area where the greatest successes have been achieved. Because the intermingling of language and culture, these values that many national groups have assimilated together for centuries, do not want to separate and get weak and monotonous, but prefer to stay together to get enriched and achieve variety, strength and life. And the school and laboratory for this is democracy and its implementation with conviction.
Democracy is almost a garden of language and culture. The most developed and powerful principles of our day once again express this clearly. All European countries and North America are clear proofs of it. The attempt to suppress new religious, linguistic, cultural, intellectual and political developments during past centuries was the cause of all major wars, and resistance against suppression gave to wars which could be seen as understandable. Particularly in European countries this experience led to the development of a determined democracy in the wake of all these wars and led to the supremacy of the West. Western civilisation can, in this sense, be termed democratic civilisation. The democratic system is at least as important as scientific and technological superiority. Feeding off each other, they both became strong and achieved the status of world civilisation.

“As long as it adheres to the democratic system and its state structure, every party can offer a solution without resorting to violence. There is no question here of either imposing a religion by force or breaking and shattering the structure of the state.”

Translation of his defense testimony at his 1999 trial http://web.archive.org/20020203190623/www.geocities.com/kurdifi/ocelan.html.
Contexto: Every ideology and mode of belief can, if true, implement itself by using the resources of technology and above all those of the media without having to resort to violence. In other words, violence has become unnecessary. In fact things have got to the point where violence cannot be afforded. The rich variety of institutions and practices the democratic system offers is built on this social and scientific-technological development, and whatever problem it tackles, it offers a certain solution. It itself is the solution.
To go through the examples, the solution to religious wars is secularism. Here the standard and the implementation involve taking the approach that everyone is free to follow their religious beliefs and democratic criteria will apply to all of them. Democracy offers definite freedom of belief and this is the antidote to religious wars.
Again the same applies to the fields of thought and ideology. There is freedom of thought and conviction. It is allowed to work as one wants and implement one's beliefs as long as one does not infringe the rights of others in this respect. This also applies to political ideas and their expression in the form of parties. As long as it adheres to the democratic system and its state structure, every party can offer a solution without resorting to violence. There is no question here of either imposing a religion by force or breaking and shattering the structure of the state. Religion, thought and the parties based on them know to meet the standards of the democratic system of the state because they are based on them. If they don't know how to do this, then democracy gets the right to defend itself.
It is clear here that regardless of the social group they are based on (which might be a nation or an ethnic or religious group), beliefs, ideas and the parties through which they are expressed cannot, in the name of these beliefs and ideas, force the limits on which the state is based. There is no need for this, because it will render the problem they claim to be solving even worse. Consequently, there is no need for it, and, in any case, there are solutions within the system. These are the democratic rights of those groups. They are their freedoms of belief and thought. They are the parties. They are all types of coalitions. In the area of language and culture, the democratic solution is even more striking. This is the area where the greatest successes have been achieved. Because the intermingling of language and culture, these values that many national groups have assimilated together for centuries, do not want to separate and get weak and monotonous, but prefer to stay together to get enriched and achieve variety, strength and life. And the school and laboratory for this is democracy and its implementation with conviction.
Democracy is almost a garden of language and culture. The most developed and powerful principles of our day once again express this clearly. All European countries and North America are clear proofs of it. The attempt to suppress new religious, linguistic, cultural, intellectual and political developments during past centuries was the cause of all major wars, and resistance against suppression gave to wars which could be seen as understandable. Particularly in European countries this experience led to the development of a determined democracy in the wake of all these wars and led to the supremacy of the West. Western civilisation can, in this sense, be termed democratic civilisation. The democratic system is at least as important as scientific and technological superiority. Feeding off each other, they both became strong and achieved the status of world civilisation.

“The democratic system is at least as important as scientific and technological superiority. Feeding off each other, they both became strong and achieved the status of world civilisation.”

Contexto: Every ideology and mode of belief can, if true, implement itself by using the resources of technology and above all those of the media without having to resort to violence. In other words, violence has become unnecessary. In fact things have got to the point where violence cannot be afforded. The rich variety of institutions and practices the democratic system offers is built on this social and scientific-technological development, and whatever problem it tackles, it offers a certain solution. It itself is the solution.
To go through the examples, the solution to religious wars is secularism. Here the standard and the implementation involve taking the approach that everyone is free to follow their religious beliefs and democratic criteria will apply to all of them. Democracy offers definite freedom of belief and this is the antidote to religious wars.
Again the same applies to the fields of thought and ideology. There is freedom of thought and conviction. It is allowed to work as one wants and implement one's beliefs as long as one does not infringe the rights of others in this respect. This also applies to political ideas and their expression in the form of parties. As long as it adheres to the democratic system and its state structure, every party can offer a solution without resorting to violence. There is no question here of either imposing a religion by force or breaking and shattering the structure of the state. Religion, thought and the parties based on them know to meet the standards of the democratic system of the state because they are based on them. If they don't know how to do this, then democracy gets the right to defend itself.
It is clear here that regardless of the social group they are based on (which might be a nation or an ethnic or religious group), beliefs, ideas and the parties through which they are expressed cannot, in the name of these beliefs and ideas, force the limits on which the state is based. There is no need for this, because it will render the problem they claim to be solving even worse. Consequently, there is no need for it, and, in any case, there are solutions within the system. These are the democratic rights of those groups. They are their freedoms of belief and thought. They are the parties. They are all types of coalitions. In the area of language and culture, the democratic solution is even more striking. This is the area where the greatest successes have been achieved. Because the intermingling of language and culture, these values that many national groups have assimilated together for centuries, do not want to separate and get weak and monotonous, but prefer to stay together to get enriched and achieve variety, strength and life. And the school and laboratory for this is democracy and its implementation with conviction.
Democracy is almost a garden of language and culture. The most developed and powerful principles of our day once again express this clearly. All European countries and North America are clear proofs of it. The attempt to suppress new religious, linguistic, cultural, intellectual and political developments during past centuries was the cause of all major wars, and resistance against suppression gave to wars which could be seen as understandable. Particularly in European countries this experience led to the development of a determined democracy in the wake of all these wars and led to the supremacy of the West. Western civilisation can, in this sense, be termed democratic civilisation. The democratic system is at least as important as scientific and technological superiority. Feeding off each other, they both became strong and achieved the status of world civilisation.

Translation of his defense testimony at his 1999 trial http://web.archive.org/20020203190623/www.geocities.com/kurdifi/ocelan.html.

“For peace and brotherhood at the axis of a democratic republic, I am ready to serve the Turkish State, and I believe that for this end I must remain alive.”

As quoted in Turkish Press Review (1 June 1999) http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING99/06/99X06X01.HTM#%200.

“States only administrate, while democracies govern.”

Fonte: The Political Thought of Abdullah Ocalan (2017), Democratic Confederalism, p. 39

“The social subjugation of woman was the vilest counter-revolution ever carried out.”

The Political Thought of Abdullah Ocalan (2017), Liberating Life: Women's Revolution

“There can be no respect for a family that is established on ignorance. In the construction of a democratic civilization, the role of the family is vital.”

Fonte: The Political Thought of Abdullah Ocalan (2017), Liberating Life: Women's Revolution, pp.80

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