1. Citações
  2. Autores
  3. Robert Merton

Frases de Robert Merton

Robert King Merton, nascido Meyer R. Schkolnick, foi um sociólogo estadunidense considerado um teórico fundamental da burocracia, da sociologia da ciência e da comunicação de massa. Talvez mais conhecido por ter cunhado a expressão "profecia auto-realizável", um conceito nevrálgico para a sociologia moderna que descreve o processo de alteração de um resultado final fático por força de uma crença ou expectativa, correta ou incorreta. Também criou o conceito de grupo de referência. Na sociologia da ciência, ganhou notoriedade ao fazer uma análise weberiana do nascimento da ciência na Inglaterra do século XVII, destacando o papel da ética protestante na criação da Royal Society. Merton desenvolveu também os quatro imperativos institucionais: trata-se de um conjunto de ideais que, segundo Merton, devem fundamentar os objetivos e métodos da ciência e que compõem o ethos científico. Merton passou a maior parte de sua vida acadêmica ensinando na Universidade de Columbia nos Estados Unidos, apesar de ter lecionado também em outras instituições, como na Universidade de Harvard. O renomado sociólogo faleceu em 2003 aos 92 anos, com diversas obras publicadas, três filhos, nove netos e nove bisnetos. Wikipedia  

✵ 4. Julho 1910 – 23. Fevereiro 2003   •   Outros nomes Robert Kinq Merton, Роберт К. Мертон, Ռոբերտ Քինգ Մերտոն
Robert Merton photo
Robert Merton: 12   citações 0   Curtidas

Robert Merton frases e citações

Robert Merton: Frases em inglês

“No man knows fully what has shaped his own thinking”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton livro Social Theory and Social Structure

Fonte: Social Theory and Social Structure (1949), p. ix (1957 edition)

“The self-fulfilling prophecy is, in the beginning, a false definition of the situation evoking a new behaviour which makes the original false conception come "true".”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton livro Social Theory and Social Structure

Fonte: Social Theory and Social Structure (1949), p. 477 (1968 Enlarged edition)
Contexto: The self-fulfilling prophecy is, in the beginning, a false definition of the situation evoking a new behaviour which makes the original false conception come "true". This specious validity of the self-fulfilling prophecy perpetuates a reign of error. For the prophet will cite the actual course of events as proof that he was right from the very beginning.

“Most institutions demand unqualified faith; but the institution of science makes skepticism a virtue.”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton livro Social Theory and Social Structure

Fonte: Social Theory and Social Structure

“The extreme emphasis upon the accumulation of wealth as a symbol of success in our society militates against the completely effective control of institutionally regulated modes of acquiring a fortune.”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton

Fonte: Social structure and anomie (1938), p. 59

“The role of outstanding scientists in influencing younger associates is repeatedly emphasized in the interviews with laureates. Almost invariably they lay great emphasis on the importance of problem-finding, not only problem-solving.”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton

Merton (1968) "The Matthew Effect In Science", In: Science Vol. 159, no. 3810 (5 January 1968), p. 56-63: On scientists, the Nobel Prizes, and the Matthew effect in scientific research.
Contexto: The role of outstanding scientists in influencing younger associates is repeatedly emphasized in the interviews with laureates. Almost invariably they lay great emphasis on the importance of problem-finding, not only problem-solving. They uniformly express the strong conviction that what matters most in their work is a developing sense of taste, of judgment, in acting setting upon problems that are of fundamental importance. And, typically, they report that they acquired this sense for the significant problem during their years of training in evocative environments. Reflecting on his years as a novice in the laboratory of a chemist of the first rank, one laureate reports that he "led me to look for important things, whenever possible, rather than work on endless detail or to work just to improve accuracy rather than making a basic new contribution."

“It is likely that the emphasis upon the metaphysical and epistemological implications of the sociology of knowledge can be traced, in part, to the fact that the first proponents of this discipline stemmed largely from philosophical rather than scientific circles. The burden of further research is to turn from this welter of conflicting opinion to empirical investigations which may establish in adequate detail the uniformities pertaining to the appearance, acceptance and diffusion, or rejection and repression, development and consequences of knowledge and ideas.”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton

Fonte: The Sociology of Knowledge, (1937), p. 503

“[Merton states that anomie represents] An acute disjunction between the cultural norms and goals and the socially structured capacities of members of the group to act in accord with them.”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton livro Social Theory and Social Structure

Fonte: Social Theory and Social Structure (1949), p. 162 (1957 edition) as cited in: John H. Scanzoni (1970) Opportunity and the family. p. 55

“Scientific research is not conducted in a social vacuum.”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton

Fonte: Social structure and anomie (1938), p. 263 (1973 Edition)

“By social structure is meant that organized set of social relationships in which members of the society or group are variously implicated.”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton livro Social Theory and Social Structure

Fonte: Social Theory and Social Structure (1949), p. 162 (1957 edition)

“The last two decades have witnessed, especially in Germany and France, the rise of a new discipline, the sociology of knowledge (Wissenssoziologie), with a rapidly increasing number of students and a growing literature (even a “selected bibliography” would include several hundred titles). Since most of the investigations in this field have been concerned with the socio-cultural factors influencing the development of beliefs and opinion rather than of positive knowledge, the term. “Wissen” must be interpreted very broadly indeed, as referring to social ideas and thought generally, and not to the physical sciences, except where expressly indicated.”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton

Fonte: The Sociology of Knowledge, (1937), p. 493

“The ethos of science involves the functionally necessary demand that theories or generalizations be evaluated in [terms of] their logical consistency and consonance with facts.”

Help us translate this quote
Robert K. Merton

Merton (1938) "Science and the Social Order". In: Philosophy of Science Vol 5, nr 3, p. 326