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Frases de Margaret Mead
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Margaret Mead foi uma antropóloga cultural norte-americana.

Nasceu na Pensilvânia, criada na localidade de Doylestown por um pai professor universitário e uma mãe activista social. Graduou-se no Barbard College em 1923 e fez doutorado na Universidade de Columbia em 1929. Em 1925, ficou conhecida pelo trabalho de campo na Polinésia. Em 1926, colaborou no Museu Americano de História Natural, em Nova Iorque, como assistente do diretor, e depois como diretora de etnologia . Durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, foi secretária executiva do comité de hábitos alimentares do Conselho Nacional de Investigação.

Entre os anos de 1946 e 1953 Margaret Mead integrou o grupo reunido sob o nome de Macy Conferences, contribuindo para a consolidação da teoria cibernética ao lado de outros cientistas renomados: Arturo Rosenblueth, Gregory Bateson, Heinz von Foerster, John von Neumann, Julian Bigelow, Kurt Lewin, Lawrence Kubie, Lawrence K. Frank, Leonard J. Savage, Molly Harrower, Norbert Wiener, Paul Lazarsfeld, Ralph W. Gerard, Walter Pitts, Warren McCulloch e William Ross Ashby; além de Claude Shannon, Erik Erikson e Max Delbrück.

Desde 1954 trabalhou como professora adjunta da Universidade de Columbia. Seguindo o exemplo da instrutora e amante Ruth Benedict, concentrou os estudos em problemas de criança infantil, personalidade e cultura.Há desacordo com certas conclusões do primeiro livro, Adolescência, Sexo e Cultura em Samoa , baseado em investigações feitas como estudante pré-graduada; e em trabalhos publicados posteriormente, baseados no tempo que passou na Papua-Nova Guiné, como pessoa letrada pelas culturas descreveu ter posto em causa algumas das observações. Todavia, a posição como antropóloga pioneira — uma que escreveu de forma suficientemente clara e vívida para que o público em geral lesse e aprendesse com os trabalhos — permanece firme.

Margaret Mead foi casada três vezes, primeiro com Luther Cressman e depois com dois colegas antropólogos, Reo Fortune e Gregory Bateson. De Bateson teve uma filha, também antropóloga, Mary Catherine Bateson. A neta, Sevanne Margaret Kassarjian, é actriz de teatro e televisão e trabalha profissionalmente sob o nome artístico de Sevanne Martin. Wikipedia  

✵ 16. Dezembro 1901 – 15. Novembro 1978
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Margaret Mead: 138   citações 11   Curtidas

Margaret Mead Frases famosas

“Nunca pense que um pequeno grupo de indivíduos altamente dedicados não pode mudar o mundo. Na verdade, foram eles os únicos que já o fizeram.”

Margaret Mead

“O que as pessoas dizem, o que as pessoas fazem e o que elas dizem que fazem; são coisas inteiramente diferentes.”

Margaret Mead

“Uma das mais antigas necessidades humanas é ter alguém para imaginar onde nós estamos quando não chegamos em casa à noite.”

Margaret Mead

“Sempre que liberamos uma mulher, libertamos um homem.”

Margaret Mead

Margaret Mead: Frases em inglês

“If we are to achieve a richer culture, rich in contrasting values, we must recognize the whole gamut of human potentialities, and so weave a less arbitrary social fabric, one in which each diverse gift will find a fitting place.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1930s, Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies (1935), p. 322
Contexto: Historically our own culture has relied for the creation of rich and contrasting values upon many artificial distinctions, the most striking of which is sex. It will not be by the mere abolition of these distinctions that society will develop patterns in which individual gifts are given place instead of being forced into an ill-fitting mould. If we are to achieve a richer culture, rich in contrasting values, we must recognize the whole gamut of human potentialities, and so weave a less arbitrary social fabric, one in which each diverse human gift will find a fitting place.

“As the traveler who has once been from home is wiser than he who has never left his own doorstep, so a knowledge of one other culture should sharpen our ability to scrutinize more steadily, to appreciate more lovingly, our own.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1920s, Coming of Age in Samoa (1928), p. 1

“Each man's place in the social scheme of his village is know; the contribution which he must make to the work and ceremonial of the village and the share of the whole which he will receive back again are likewise defined. For failure to receive what is due to him, he is fined even more heavily than for failure to give that which is due from him. Just as a man must accept his privileges as well as discharge his duties, so is he also the guardian of his own status and if, as may happen to a high caste, that status is affronted, he himself must perform a ceremony to restore it.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1940s, Balinese Character (1942), p. 7

“Our first and most pressing problem is how to do away with warfare as a method of solving conflicts between national groups within a society who have different views about how the society is to run.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1950s, People and Places (1959), p. 198

“The older child who has lost or broken some valuable thing will be found when his parents return, not run away, not willing to confess, but in a deep sleep The thief whose case is being tried falls asleep”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1940s, Balinese Character (1942), p. 39 as cited in: E. Bruce Goldstein (1994) Psychology. p. 511

“[Among the Arapeh… both father and mother are held responsible for child care by the entire community…] If one comments upon a middle-aged man as good-looking, the people answer: 'Good-looking? Ye-e-e-s? But you should have seen him before he bore all those children.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1930s, Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies (1935), p. 55; cited inWomen, History, and Theory : The Essays of Joan Kelly (1986), by Joan Kelly, p. 137

“Throughout history, females have picked providers for mates. Males pick anything.”

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Margaret Mead

Attributed in 3,500 Good Quotes for Speakers (1985) edited by Gerald F. Lieberman, p. 114
1980s

“Life in the twentieth century is like a parachute jump: you have to get it right the first time.”

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Margaret Mead

As quoted in Margaret Mead, World's Grandmother (1975) by Ann Morse, Charles Morse, Harold Henriksen, p. 9
1970s

“[In Bali] life is a rhythmic, patterned unreality of pleasant, significant movement, centered in one's own body to which all emotions long ago withdrew.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1940s, Balinese Character (1942), p. 48

“The United States has the power to destroy the world, but not the power to save it alone.”

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Margaret Mead

As quoted in Quotations for Our Time (1977), by Laurence J. Peter, p. 509
1970s

“Prayer does not use up artificial energy, doesn't burn up any fossil fuel, doesn't pollute. Neither does song, neither does love, neither does the dance.”

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Margaret Mead

As quoted in Margaret Mead: A Life (1984) by Jane Howard; cited in Journey Through Womanhood : Meditations from Our Collective Soul (2002) by Tian Dayton, p. 46
1980s

“The last 20 years have· seen an enormous growth of institutions devoted to anthropological enterprises, membership within the discipline, and students, text ­books, and paraphernalia. From a tiny scholarly group that could easily be fitted into a couple of buses, and most of whom knew each other, we have grown into a group of tremendous, anonymous milling crowds, meeting at large hotels where there are so many sessions that people do well to find those of their colleagues who are interested in the same specialty. Today we look something like the other social science disciplines, suffering some of the same malaise, and becoming cynical about slave markets and worried when grants and jobs seem to be declining.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1970s, Changing Styles of Anthropological Work, 1973, p. 1

“I learned the value of hard work by working hard.”

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Margaret Mead

Attributed in You Vs. You: Sport Psychology Got Life (2005) by Wayne Mazzoni, p. 90
2000s

“In the modern world we have invented ways of speeding up invention, and people's lives change so fast that a person is born into one kind of world, grows up in another, and by the time his children are growing up, lives in still a different world.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1950s, People and Places (1959), p. 198

“Man's role is uncertain, undefined, and perhaps unnecessary. By a great effort man has hit upon a method of compensating himself for his basic inferiority. Equipped with various mysterious noise-making instruments, whose potency rests upon their actual form's being unknown to those who hear the sounds — that is, the women and children must never know that they are really bamboo flutes, or hollow logs, or bits of elliptic wood whirled on strings — they can get the male children away from the women, brand them as incomplete, and themselves turn boys into men. Women, it is true, make human beings, but only men can make men.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1940s, Male and Female (1949), p. 84 as cited in: John Whiting, Eleanor Hollenberg Chasdi, Roy D'Andrade (2006) Culture and Human Development: The Selected Papers of John Whiting. p. 240

“[Our goal was to] translate aspects of culture never successfully recorded by the scientist, although often caught by the artist, into some form of communication sufficiently clear and sufficiently unequivocal to satisfy the requirements of scientific enquiry.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1940s, Balinese Character (1942), p. xi

“It is not until science has become a discipline to which the research ability of any mind from any class in society can be attracted that it can become rigorously scientific.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1930s, Growing Up in New Guinea (1930), p. 406

“What people say, what people do, and what they say they do are entirely different things.”

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Margaret Mead

Attributed in Teaching Music Through Performance In Band, Vol. 3 (2000), edited by Richard B. Miles, Larry Blocher, Eugene Corporon, p. 13
2000s

“It [this book] is, very simply, an account of how three primitive societies have grouped their social attitudes towards temperament about the very obvious facts of sex-difference.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1930s, Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies (1935), p. xvi

“It seems to me very important to continue to distinguish between two evils. It may be necessary temporarily to accept a lesser evil, but one must never label a necessary evil as good.”

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Margaret Mead

As quoted in Margaret Mead : Some Personal Views (1979) edited by Rhoda Métraux
As quoted in American Quotations (1992) by Gorton Carruth and Eugene H. Ehrlich
1970s
Variante: At times it may be necessary temporarily to accept a lesser evil, but one must never label a necessary evil as good.

“There is no necessary connection between warfare and human nature. Human nature is potentially aggressive and destructive and potentially orderly and constructive.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1940s, And Keep Your Powder Dry: An Anthropologist Looks at America (1942), p. 134

“There has been an increased but still rather limited response to general systems theory, as variously reflected in the work of Bateson, Vayda, Rappaport, Adams, and an interest in the use of computers, programming, matrices, etc. But the interaction between general systems theory (as represented, for example, by the theoretical work of Von Bertalanffy) has been compromised, partly by the state of field data, extraordinarily incomparable as it inevitably is, as well as historical anthropological methods of dealing with wholes. General systems theory has taken its impetus from the excitement of discovering larger and larger contexts, on the one hand, and a kind of microprobing into fine detail within a system, on the other. Both of these activities are intrinsic to anthropology to the extent that field work in living societies has been the basic disciplinary method. It is no revelation to any field-experienced anthropologist that everything is related to everything else, or that whether the entire sociocultural setting can be studied in detail or not, it has to be known in general outline.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1970s, Changing Styles of Anthropological Work, 1973, p. 8

“[Mead described the Arapesh as a culture in which both sexes were] placid and contented, unaggressive and noninitiatory, noncompetitive and responsive, warm, docile, and trusting.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1930s, Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies (1935), p. 39 as cited in: Guy R. Lefrançois (1973) Of children; an introduction to child development. p. 65

“Fathers are biological necessities, but social accidents.”

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Margaret Mead

Attributed in Two Hugs for Survival (1982) by Harold A. Minden (1982), p. 22
1980s

“A society which is clamouring for choice, which is filled with many articulate groups, each urging its own brand of salvation, its own variety of economic philosophy, will give each new generation no peace until all have chosen or gone under, unable to bear the conditions of choice.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1920s, Coming of Age in Samoa (1928), p. 131 (1973 edition)

“!-- This is my most misunderstood book, and I have devoted some attention to trying to understand why. … --> I have been accused of having believed when I wrote Sex and Temperament that there are no sex differences … This, many readers felt, was too much. It was too pretty. I must have found what I was looking for. But this misconception comes from a lack of understanding of what anthropology means, of the open-mindedness with which one must look and listen, record in astonishment and wonder, that which one would not have been able to guess.”

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Margaret Mead

Preface of 1950 edition of Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies (1935), p. xxvi <!-- ; 1977 editon, p. ix -->
[Anthropology demands] the open-mindedness with which one must look and listen, record in astonishment and wonder that which one would not have been able to guess.
As quoted in Gaither's Dictionary of Scientific Quotations (2012) by Carl C. Gaither and Alma E. Cavazos-Gaither<!-- cited in Coming of Age in Second Life : An Anthropologist Explores the Virtually Human (2010) by Tom Boellstorff, p. 71 -->
1950s

“I have tried to answer the question which sent me to Samoa: Are the disturbances which vex our adolescents due to the nature of adolescence itself or to the civilization? Under different conditions does adolescence present a different picture?”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1920s, Coming of Age in Samoa (1928), p. 6-7

“If you associate enough with older people who do enjoy their lives, who are not stored away in any golden ghettos, you will gain a sense of continuity and of the possibility for a full life.”

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Margaret Mead

Attributed to Mead in Mead Childhood Education Vol. 54 (1977) by Association for Childhood Education International, p. 126
1970s

“Envy of the male role can come as much from an undervaluation of the role of wife and mother as from an overvaluation of the public aspects of achievement that have been reserved for men.”

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Margaret Mead

Fonte: 1940s, Male and Female (1949), p. 77