Frases de Heliogábalo

Heliogábalo, também conhecido como Elagábalo , foi um imperador romano da dinastia severa durante os anos de 218 a 222. Sua mãe Júlia Soémia era de origem síria e seu pai chamava-se Sexto Vário Marcelo. Como cidadão romano, seu nome provavelmente era Vário Avito Bassiano, mas ao tornar-se imperador, adotou o nome de Marco Aurélio Antonino. Apenas recebeu o cognome de Heliogábalo após a sua morte. Durante a sua juventude, serviu como sacerdote do deus Heliogábalo na cidade natal da família de sua mãe, Emesa, na província da Síria.

Em 217, o imperador Caracala foi assassinado e substituído pelo seu prefeito do pretório, Marco Opélio Macrino. A tia materna de Caracala, Júlia Mesa, instigou com sucesso uma revolta entre a Terceira Legião para ter o seu neto mais velho, Heliogábalo, declarado imperador. Macrino foi derrotado no dia 8 de junho de 218, na Batalha de Antioquia, depois da qual Heliogábalo, com apenas catorze anos de idade, ganhou o poder imperial e começou um reinado caracterizado principalmente por escândalos sexuais e controvérsias religiosas.

Posteriormente, diversos historiadores acreditam hostilmente que Heliogábalo mostrou desrespeito às tradições religiosas romanas e tabus sexuais. Heliogábalo substituiu o tradicional deus Júpiter no Panteão Romano pelo deus Heliogábalo, e forçou membros importantes do governo de Roma a participarem em rituais que celebravam esta divindade, liderados por ele próprio. Casou-se cinco vezes, levando favores dos bajuladores masculinos que se pensava popularmente terem intenções de serem seus amantes, e diz-se que se prostituía no palácio imperial. Seu comportamento o distanciou da guarda pretoriana, do senado e dos cidadãos.

Entre crescente oposição, Heliogábalo, com apenas 18 anos, foi assassinado e substituído pelo seu primo Alexandre Severo no dia 11 de março de 222, numa conspiração feita pela sua avó, Júlia Mesa, e membros da guarda pretoriana.

Heliogábalo criou uma reputação entre os seus contemporâneos como um excêntrico, decadente, e zelota, o que foi provavelmente exagerado pelos seus sucessores e rivais políticos. Esta propaganda espalhou-se e, os historiadores no início da era moderna sujeitaram-no como um dos imperadores romanos com a pior reputação. Edward Gibbon, por exemplo, escreveu que Heliogábalo "abandonou a si mesmo para ter prazeres grosseiros e ser descontroladamente furioso." De acordo com B.G. Niebuhr, "o nome Heliogábalo está gravado na História acima de todos os outros" por causa de sua "vida inefavelmente repugnante". Os mais recentes historiadores têm tentado separar os fatos reais da ficção, preservando com maior cautela a visão deste personagem e seu reinado. Wikipedia  

✵ 20. Março 203 – 11. Março 222
Heliogábalo photo
Heliogábalo: 6   citações 0   Curtidas

Heliogábalo: Frases em inglês

“With regard to religion, the emperor's promotion of the cult of the Emesene sun-god was certainly ridiculed by contemporary observers, but this cult was popular among soldiers and would remain so.”

Michael L. Meckler, in "Elagabalus (218-222 A.D.)" in De Imperatoribus Romanis : An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors (1997) http://www.roman-emperors.org/elagabal.htm
Contexto: Scholars have often viewed the failure of Elagabalus' reign as a clash of cultures between "Eastern" (Syrian) and "Western" (Roman), but this dichotomy is not very useful. The criticisms of the emperor's effeminacy and sexual behavior mirror those made of earlier emperors (such as Nero) and do not need to be explained through ethnic stereotypes. With regard to religion, the emperor's promotion of the cult of the Emesene sun-god was certainly ridiculed by contemporary observers, but this cult was popular among soldiers and would remain so. Moreover, the cult continued to be promoted by later emperors of non-Syrian ethnicity, calling the god The Unconquered Sun (Sol Invictus).
Elagabalus is best understood as a teenager who was raised near the luxury of the imperial court and who then suffered a drastic change of fortune brought about by the sudden deaths — probably within one year — of his father, his grandfather and his cousin, the emperor Caracalla. Thrust upon the throne, Elagabalus lacked the required discipline. For a while, Romans may well have been amused by his "Merrie Monarch" behavior, but he ended up offending those he needed to inspire. His reign tragically demonstrated the difficulties of having a teenage emperor.

“Leave my mother alone!”

Last words, as reported in The Book of Ancient Bastards: 101 of the Worst Miscreants and Misdeeds from Ancient Sumer to the Enlightenment (2011) by Brian Thornton, p. 134; his mother was also murdered, their bodies beheaded, dragged through Rome, and dumped into the Tiber river.
Variants:
Let my mother be, leave her alone!
As quoted in "Elagabalus: Queen of Rome" by Kim Seabrook at Prisoners of Eternity (2013) http://www.prisonersofeternity.co.uk/elagabalus-queen-of-rome/

“Thrust upon the throne, Elagabalus lacked the required discipline. For a while, Romans may well have been amused by his "Merrie Monarch" behavior, but he ended up offending those he needed to inspire.”

Michael L. Meckler, in "Elagabalus (218-222 A.D.)" in De Imperatoribus Romanis : An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors (1997) http://www.roman-emperors.org/elagabal.htm
Contexto: Scholars have often viewed the failure of Elagabalus' reign as a clash of cultures between "Eastern" (Syrian) and "Western" (Roman), but this dichotomy is not very useful. The criticisms of the emperor's effeminacy and sexual behavior mirror those made of earlier emperors (such as Nero) and do not need to be explained through ethnic stereotypes. With regard to religion, the emperor's promotion of the cult of the Emesene sun-god was certainly ridiculed by contemporary observers, but this cult was popular among soldiers and would remain so. Moreover, the cult continued to be promoted by later emperors of non-Syrian ethnicity, calling the god The Unconquered Sun (Sol Invictus).
Elagabalus is best understood as a teenager who was raised near the luxury of the imperial court and who then suffered a drastic change of fortune brought about by the sudden deaths — probably within one year — of his father, his grandfather and his cousin, the emperor Caracalla. Thrust upon the throne, Elagabalus lacked the required discipline. For a while, Romans may well have been amused by his "Merrie Monarch" behavior, but he ended up offending those he needed to inspire. His reign tragically demonstrated the difficulties of having a teenage emperor.

“I am emperor. It is I who know what is best for Rome. Not you traitors.”

Statement as he prepared to flee a camp after angry exchanges and insults with his Praetorian Guard; as quoted in The Gigantic Book of Horse Wisdom (2007) by Thomas Meagher, p. 298
Contexto: I am emperor. It is I who know what is best for Rome. Not you traitors. Now, let go of my horses!

“He undertook to disparage my age when he himself had appointed his ten-year-old son.”

Referring to the Emperor Macrinus and his declaration of his son Diadumenianus to be '"Caesar". The head of Diadumenianus was presented to Elagabalus as a trophy. As quoted in Dio's Roman History (1955), as translated by Earnest Cary, p. 439

“[He was] delighted to be called the mistress, the wife, the Queen of Hierocles.”

Harry Benjamin in The Transsexual Phenomenon http://www.symposion.com/ijt/benjamin/ (1966)